Fumo passivo custa R$ 37 mi
Veículo: A Crítica
Seção: Brasil
Data: 31/10/2008
Estado: AM
O governo gasta R$ 37 milhões por ano com tratamento de saúde e pensões pagas pela morte de vítimas de doenças provocada pelo tabagismo passivo. Esse cálculo foi feito pelo estudo "Impacto do Custo de Doenças relacionadas com o tabagismo passivo no Brasil", pesquisa econômica encomendada pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer à Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro e divulgado ontem pela manhã.
O estudo teve como base a estimativa entre "mortalidade atribuível ao tabagismo passivo no Brasil", que calculou que 2.655 não fumantes morrem todo o ano no País em conseqüência de doenças isquêmicas do coração, principalmente enfarte, acidente vascular cerebral e câncer de pulmão - as três principais doenças relacionadas ao fumo.
Dos R$ 37 milhões, R$ 19,15 milhões referem-se aos gastos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e R$ 18 milhões são pagos pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS).
Recebido de Dra. Rosa Maria Villanova Sampaio - Ministério da Saúde.
Seminário Internacional sobre os 20 Anos do SUS
Transmissão em tempo real começa hoje (29), às 18h e segue até o último dia do evento, em São Paulo
De hoje até o dia 31 de outubro, será possível acompanhar ao vivo, pela internet, o Seminário Internacional sobre os 20 Anos do SUS, promovido pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo. A abertura do evento terá a presença do ministro da Saúde, José Gomes Temporão e, até sexta-feira, reunirá secretários estaduais de Saúde e especialistas de países como Canadá, França, Inglaterra, Portugal, Itália e Espanha. Essa é mais uma oportunidade para debater sobre os princípios do SUS com seus avanços, desafios e aspectos relevantes de seus 20 anos de história.
Para acompanhar o seminário em tempo real, cadastre seu nome e e-mail no link Transmissão em tempo real do Seminário Internacional sobre os 20 anos do SUS
The study contains details of the top 10 causes of death and estimates for over 130 disease and injury causes. Striking findings include:
· Worldwide, Africa accounts for nine out of every 10 child deaths due to malaria, for nine out of every 10 child deaths due to AIDS, and for half of the world's child deaths due to diarrhoeal disease and pneumonia.
· The top five causes of death in low-income countries are: pneumonia, followed by heart disease, diarrhoea, HIV/AIDS and stroke. In high-income countries, the list is topped by heart disease and followed by stroke, lung cancer, pneumonia, and asthma/bronchitis.
· Men between the ages of 15 and 60 years have much higher risks of dying than women in the same age category in every region of the world. This, is mainly due to injuries, including those caused in violence and conflict, and to higher levels of heart diseases. This difference is most pronounced in Latin America, the Caribbean, the Middle East and the eastern European regions.
· Depression is the leading cause of years lost due to disability, the burden being 50% higher for females than males. In both low- and middle-income countries, and high-income countries, alcohol dependence and problem use are among the 10 leading causes of disability.
The production and dissemination of health information for action is one of WHO's core mandated activities. This study provides Member States with an important input for health decision making, planning and priority setting.
The study contains information on:
· causes of death in different parts of the world
· the leading causes of death by age, sex and disease
· the numbers of people with various diseases and disabilities
· how many people become ill each year
· the causes of loss of health and the actual loss of years of good health: these are measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). One DALY is equivalent to the loss of one year of full health.
Arabic | Chinese | English | French | Russian | Spanish
10 facts on the GBD | Top 10 causes of death fact sheet | Key figures and graphs [ppt 1.74Mb]
:: Part 1: Introduction [pdf 577kb]
:: Part 2: Causes of death [pdf 635kb]
:: Part 3: Disease incidence, prevalence and disability [pdf 247kb]
:: Part 4: Burden of disease: DALYs [pdf 395kb]
:: Annex A: Deaths and DALYs 2004 Annex tables [pdf 581kb]
:: Annex B: Data sources and methods [pdf 300kb]
:: Annex C: Analysis categories and mortality data sources [pdf 224kb]
:: References [pdf 144kb]
:: Regional estimates of YLL, YLD, and DALYs, deaths, incidence and prevalence for 2004
:: Regional projections of deaths and DALYs for 2008, 2015, and 2030
19 MAY 2008 | GENEVA -- The global burden of disease is shifting from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases, with chronic conditions such as heart disease and stroke now being the chief causes of death globally, according to a new WHO report published today. The shifting health trends indicate that leading infectious diseases – diarrhoea, HIV, tuberculosis, neonatal infections and malaria – will become less important causes of death globally over the next 20 years.
World health statistics 2008 is based on data collected from WHO's 193 Member States. This annual report is the most authoritative reference for a set of 73 health indicators in countries around the world. These are the best available data and they are essential for painting the global picture of health and how it is changing.
“We are definitely seeing a trend towards fewer people dying of infectious diseases across the world,” said Dr Ties Boerma, Director of the WHO Department of Health Statistics and Informatics. “We tend to associate developing countries with infectious diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. But in more and more countries the chief causes of death are noncommunicable diseases, such as heart disease and stroke.”
The statistical report documents in detail the levels of mortality in children and adults, patterns of morbidity and burden of disease, prevalence of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption, use of health care, availability of health care workers, and health care financing. It also draws attention to important issues in global health, including:
World health statistics 2008 is the official record of data produced by WHO’s technical programmes and regional offices in close consultation with countries and in collaboration with researchers and development agencies. In publishing these statistics, WHO underlines continuing health challenges and provides an evidence base for strategies to improve global public health.
Fiona Fleck
WHO, Geneva
Telephone: +41 22 791 1897
Mobile: +41 78 678 9079
E-mail: fleckf@who.int
Deepak L. Bhatt, MD, FACC, FAHA, et al
This document has been developed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents, the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), and the American Heart Association (AHA). Expert consensus documents (ECDs) are intended to inform practitioners, payers, and other interested parties of the opinion of the ACCF and document cosponsors concerning evolving areas of clinical practice and/or technologies that are widely available or new to the practice community. Topics chosen for coverage by ECDs are so designed because theevidence base, the experience with technology, and/or the clinical practice are not considered sufficiently well developed to beevaluated by the formal American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) practice guidelines process. Often the topic is the subject of ongoing investigation. Thus, the reader should view ECDs as the best attempt of the ACCF and other cosponsors to inform and guide clinical practice in areas where rigorous evidence may not be available or the evidence to date is not widely accepted. When feasible, ECDs includeindications or contraindications. Topics covered by ECDs may be addressed subsequently by the ACC/AHA Practice Guidelines Committee as new evidence evolves and is evaluated.
The Task Force on ECDs makes every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that might arise as a result of an outside relationship or personal interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing panel are asked to provide disclosure statements of all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest to inform the writing effort. These statements are reviewed by the parent task force, reported orally to all members of the writing panel at the first meeting, and updated as changes occur. The relationships with industry information for writing committee members and peer reviewers are listed in Appendixes 1 and 2, respectively./.../
