The Relationship between Proteinuria and Coronary Risk:

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Vlado Perkovic^1,2*, Christine Verdon², Toshiharu Ninomiya¹, Federica Barzi^1,2, Alan Cass^1,2, Anushka Patel^1,2, Meg Jardine¹, Martin Gallagher^1,2, Fiona Turnbull^1,2, John Chalmers^1,2, Jonathan Craig², Rachel Huxley^1,2

1 The George Institute for International Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 2 University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

Background

Markers of kidney dysfunction such as proteinuria or albuminuria have been reported to be associated with coronary heart disease, but the consistency and strength of any such relationship has not been clearly defined. This lack of clarity has led to great uncertainty as to how proteinuria should be treated in the assessment and management of cardiovascular risk. We therefore undertook a systematic review of published cohort studies aiming to provide a reliable estimate of the strength of association between proteinuria and coronary heart disease.