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Saturday, December 25, 2021

3.063 AMICOR (24)

AMICOR 3.063 (última postagem de 2.021)

#Dra. Valderês A. R. Achutti (*13/06/1931+15/06/2021)


No meio do mundo, no século passado - Greenwich

#
My Bookmarks

Quanta's 2021 in Review

The Year in Biology

By JOHN RENNIE

The detailed understanding of brains and multicellular bodies reached new heights, while the genomes of the COVID-19 virus and various organisms yielded more surprises.

Read more | Watch the video

The Year in Physics

By MICHAEL MOYER

Puzzling particles, quirky (and controversial) quantum computers, and one of the most ambitious science experiments in history marked the year’s milestones.

Read more | Watch the video

The Year in Math and Computer Science

By BILL ANDREWS

Researchers answered major questions in topology, set theory and even physics, as computers continued to grow more capable.

Read more | Watch the video

Also this week:

ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE

 

Detailed Footage Finally Reveals What Triggers Lightning

By THOMAS LEWTON

Scientists have never been able to adequately explain where lightning comes from. Now the first detailed observations of its emergence inside a cloud have exposed how electric fields grow strong enough to let bolts fly.

Read the blog

QUANTA SCIENCE PODCAST

 

Biologists Rethink the Logic Behind Cells’ Molecular Signals

Podcast hosted by SUSAN VALOT;
Story by PHILIP BALL


The molecular signaling systems of complex cells are nothing like simple electronic circuits. The logic governing their operation is riotously complex — but it has advantages.

Listen to the podcast

Read the article

My Bookmarks

Our Top 5 Videos of 2021

VIDEO | ALL TOPICS

 

The Riemann Hypothesis, Explained

If the Riemann hypothesis is true, it would tell us everything we have a right to know about the distribution of prime numbers.

Watch the video | Read the essay

Quantum Computers, Explained With
Quantum Physics

You might have heard that quantum computers are magical uber-machines on their way to curing cancer — but the truth is more subtle than that, and even more fascinating.

Watch the video | Read the column

How the Webb Telescope Will Transform Our Place in the Universe

The James Webb Space Telescope could explore the universe’s very first stars, uncover evidence of extraterrestrial life — or literally hit a snag and become worthless. 

Watch the video | Read the article

The Most Successful Scientific Theory Ever: The Standard Model

In this explainer, physicist David Tong recreates the model to provide some intuition for how the fundamental building blocks of our universe fit together.

Watch the video | Read the series

The Theory That
Could Rewrite the
Laws of Physics

Chiara Marletto is trying to build a master theory — a set of ideas so fundamental that all other theories would spring from it. Her first step: Invoke the impossible. 

Watch the video | Read the interview

My Bookmarks

GENOMICS ALL TOPICS

 

DNA of Giant ‘Corpse Flower’ Parasite Surprises Biologists

By CHRISTIE WILCOX

The bizarre genome of the world’s most mysterious flowering plants shows how far parasites will go in stealing, deleting and duplicating DNA.

Read the article

NEUROSCIENCE

 

The Brain Doesn’t Think the Way You Think It Does

By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ

Familiar categories of mental functions such as perception, memory and attention reflect our experience of ourselves, but they are misleading about how the brain works. More revealing approaches are emerging.

Read the article

SLEEP

 

Sleep Evolved Before Brains. Hydras Are Living Proof.

By VERONIQUE GREENWOOD

Studies of sleep are usually neurological. But some of nature’s simplest animals suggest that sleep evolved for metabolic reasons, long before brains even existed.


Read the article

NEUROSCIENCE

 

Brain’s ‘Background Noise’ May Hold Clues to Persistent Mysteries

By ELIZABETH LANDAU

By digging out signals hidden within the brain’s electrical chatter, scientists are getting new insights into sleep, aging and more.

Read the blog

NEUROSCIENCE

 

The Brain ‘Rotates’ Memories to Save Them From New Sensations

By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ

Some populations of neurons simultaneously process sensations and memories. New work shows how the brain rotates those representations to prevent interference.

Read the blog

My Bookmarks

QUANTIZED COLUMNS ALL TOPICS

 

What Makes Quantum Computing So Hard to Explain?

By SCOTT AARONSON

To understand what quantum computers can do — and what they can’t — avoid falling for overly simple explanations.

Read the column | Watch the video

NONLINEAR DYNAMICS

 

New Quantum Algorithms Finally Crack Nonlinear Equations

By MAX G. LEVY

Quantum information researchers have tried to use linear equations as a key to unlock nonlinear differential ones for over a decade. Two teams at MIT and the University of Maryland have put that goal within reach.

Read the blog

ALGORITHMS

 

Matrix Multiplication Inches Closer to Mythic Goal

By KEVIN HARTNETT

A recent paper set the fastest record for multiplying two matrices. But it also marks the end of the line for a method researchers have relied on for decades to make improvements.

Read the blog

 

NEURAL NETWORKS

 

Artificial Neural Nets Finally Yield Clues to How Brains Learn

By ANIL ANANTHASWAMY

The learning algorithm that enables the runaway success of deep neural networks doesn’t work in biological brains, but researchers are finding alternatives that could.

Read the article

 

NEURAL NETWORKS

 

A New Link to an Old Model Could Crack the Mystery of Deep Learning

By ANIL ANANTHASWAMY

To help them explain the shocking success of deep neural networks, researchers are turning to older but better-understood models of machine learning.

Read the article

My Bookmarks

FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS ALL TOPICS

 

How Many Numbers Exist? Infinity Proof Moves Math Closer to an Answer.

By NATALIE WOLCHOVER

For 50 years, mathematicians have believed that the total number of real numbers is unknowable. A new proof suggests otherwise.

Read the article

MATH MEETS QFT

 

The Mystery at the Heart of Physics That Only Math Can Solve

By KEVIN HARTNETT

The accelerating effort to understand the mathematics of quantum field theory will have profound consequences for both math and physics.

Read the article

MATH MEETS QFT

 

Mathematicians Prove 2D Version of Quantum Gravity Really Works

By CHARLIE WOOD

In three towering papers, a team of mathematicians has worked out the details of Liouville quantum field theory, a two-dimensional model of quantum gravity.

Read the article

 

COMBINATORICS

 

Mathematician Answers Chess Problem About Attacking Queens

By LEILA SLOMAN

The n-queens problem is about finding how many different ways queens can be placed on a chessboard so that none attack each other. A mathematician has now all but solved it.

Read the blog

LANGLANDS PROGRAM

 

New Shape Opens ‘Wormhole’ Between Numbers and Geometry..

By KEVIN HARTNETT

Laurent Fargues and Peter Scholze have found a new, more powerful way of connecting number theory and geometry as part of the sweeping Langlands program.

Read the ar


#Washington Post

(NASA via AP/Reuters)

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope begins journey to study distant worlds

The revolutionary telescope is hurtling away from Earth and toward deep space on a long-awaited, high-risk mission that, if successful, will look deeper into the cosmic past than any telescope before.

By Joel Achenbach   Read more »

#Pop Mechanics

A Particle Just Did Something That Changed the Nature of Reality

Can of worms, opened.

colorful spheres on light stripe
MIRAGECGETTY IMAGES
  • Scientists have observed the extraordinarily tiny oscillations of a charm meson, a type of subatomic particle that contains both a quark and an antiquark.
  • This oscillation proves that charm meson particles can alternate between states of matter and antimatter.
  • To measure the tiny interaction, scientists had to scale down their experiment to the extraordinarily tiny size of 1 x 10^-38 grams.

    A quirky type of subatomic particle known as the charm meson has the seemingly magical ability to switch states between matter and antimatter (and back again), according to the team of over 1,000 physicists who were involved in documenting the phenomenon for the first time.

    🤯 You love mind-blowing science. So do we. Let's nerd out over it together.

    Oxford researchers, using data from the second run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)—a particle accelerator at the Switzerland-based European Organization for Nuclear Research (known internationally as CERN)—made the determination by taking extremely precise measurements of the masses of two particles: the charm meson in both its particle and antiparticle states.

    Yes, this breakthrough in quantum physics is as heady as it sounds. A charm meson particle, after all, can exist in a state where it is both itself and its evil twin (the antiparticle version) at once. This state is known as "quantum superposition," and it's at the heart of the famous Schrödinger's Cat thought experiment./...

    #Iolanda Isaia Mello
    2021 levou-nos também mais uma querida prima

    Nos, em 1940, em Agudo, na época distrito de Cachoeira do Sul

    academic.oup.com/nar/article/49 

    #Bioinformatics  Word: E.O. Wilson