3.186 - AMICOR (26)

 3.186 - AMICOR (26) em construção...

#Com Dra. Valderês A. Robinson Achutti (*13/06/1931+15/06/2021)

Passeio pelas Montanhas Rochosas, Canadá

#Re-Publicando artigos antigos meus

CADEIA CONTRAPRODUTIVA

Aloyzio Achutti. Membro da Academia Sul-Rio-Grandense de Medicina.

           

            Tem causado perplexidade as múltiplas e diversas atitudes anti-sociais, corrupção, formação de quadrilhas, e crime organizado que a mídia tem nos revelado, eficientemente contribuindo para o controle social, frequentemente abafado pelas estruturas de poder do estado. Fica-se mais chocado ainda frente à dificuldade em identificar culpados e controlar as atividades criminosas, aliadas e sacramentadas pela impunidade oficializada.

Parte significativa da explicação para o fenômeno pode-se encontrar na teoria das redes que se aplica na cadeia produtiva do lado bom, e na cadeia epidemiológica no campo das doenças.

            Não se existe, nem se subsiste no isolamento. O ser humano está naturalmente comprometido com seus circunstantes e circunstâncias, numa abrangência, cada vez maior. Também no crime e nas atitudes anti-sociais.

            Tudo que acontece pode ser analisado dentro de uma seqüência encadeada que determina o evento ou produto final, mas que também torna difícil definir responsabilidades e terminar com o processo.

            Da mesma forma como para se ter um automóvel é necessária uma enorme cadeia para fabricá-lo, da mesma forma quando se considera um doente aparentemente isolado, ou vítimas de uma epidemia, são necessários inúmeros elementos inter-relacionados, encontrando-se em determinadas circunstâncias para que o problema ocorra.

            Esta cadeia, como no exemplo (desde a concepção e planejamento do carro, construção das peças, montagem, comercialização, comprador, combustível, estradas...) é tão extensa que aqui não cabe detalhar.

            Da mesma forma, a rede epidemiológica pode ser analisada e montada desde conjuntos biológicos, comumente relacionados no setor saúde, até determinantes extra-setoriais, relacionados com indústria, comércio, política, cultura, etc...

            Quando um carro é roubado, não basta encontrar e prender o ladrão. Hoje, em geral os roubos atendem encomendas. Mesmo que desmanchado, há quem o faça e comercialize as peças, existem os receptadores, há agentes de segurança ativa ou passivamente comprometidos, agentes de seguro que se beneficiam com o aumento dos prêmios, o comércio e a indústria movimentados na reposição e, quem sabe, até o próprio proprietário (roubado), ao renovar o seu veículo...

            Se não houvesse interessados na aquisição não haveria produtos falsificados ou contrabandeados. Se não existissem usuários de drogas, deixaria de existir o tráfico e outras redes paralelas que terminam infernizando a sociedade e promovendo ou facilitando outras contravenções.

“Mensalão”, “sangue-sugas”, “dossiers”, e tantas outras estórias; conchavos, compra de votos, caixas dois, ilusão populista, privilégios corporativos, omissão culposa, inocentes úteis, tudo se encadeia numa rede inextricável na qual todos são culpados ou agiram irresponsavelmente. Este submundo formado por enorme e articulada quadrilha, com tanta capacidade de organização e eficiência, em vez de seqüestro social, poderia estar a serviço da produção, o que certamente reduziria a entropia e poderia contribuir para a riqueza nacional e o tão cobiçado crescimento econômico e social.

#Quanta Magazine

FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS | ALL TOPICS   AI Starts to Sift Through String Theory’s Near-Endless Possibilities By CHARLIE WOOD Using machine learning, string theorists are finally showing how microscopic configurations of extra dimensions translate into sets of elementary particles — though not yet those of our universe. Read the article ECOLOGY   Ecologists Struggle to Get a Grip on ‘Keystone Species’ By LESLEY EVANS OGDEN More than 50 years after Bob Paine’s experiment with starfish, hundreds of species have been pronounced “keystones” in their ecosystems. Has the powerful metaphor lost its mathematical meaning? Read the article Related:  The Quest for Simple Rules to Build a Microbial Community By Dan Samorodnitsky  Q&A   Does AI Know What an Apple Is? She Aims to Find Out. By JOHN PAVLUS Are large language models intelligent? This question requires a messy blend of philosophy and semantics. Ellie Pavlick, a computer scientist at Brown University and Google Deepmind, savors the task. Read the interview Related:  New Theory Suggests Chatbots Can Understand Text By Anil Ananthaswamy  THE JOY OF WHY   What Does Milk Do For Babies? Podcast hosted by STEVEN STROGATZ Human nutrition begins with milk, but the wondrous biofluid does much more than feed babies. In this episode, co-host Steven Strogatz speaks with molecular nutritionist Elizabeth Johnson about her research into the impact of human milk on a healthy microbiome. Listen to the podcast Read the article   TOPOLOGY   Mathematicians Marvel at ‘Crazy’ Cuts Through Four Dimensions By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ To make sense of four-dimensional spaces, mathematicians study surfaces embedded within them. A recent paper shows that these surfaces can be a lot more complicated than they seem. Read the blog Related:  A New Agenda for Low-Dimensional Topology By Kevin Hartnett

#Britânica

1564 William Shakespeare born The great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare is born in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 23, 1564—at least, by historians' best reckoning... #Lançamento de Livro, meu filho Prof. Luiz Eduardo é coautor #WHF World Heart Summit 2024: Learn. Engage. Be inspired.   Are you passionate about improving global cardiovascular health? Mark your calendar for the 9th edition of the World Heart Summit, which will be held in Geneva, Switzerland on 24-26 May 2024, ahead of the 77th World Health Assembly. Leaders and innovators from government, business, civil society and academia will come together to tackle some of today’s most pressing global challenges in cardiovascular health, including: ❤️ Cardiovascular health and climate change ❤️ AI in cardiovascular health: Opportunities and threats ❤️ Closing the gap in Universal Health Coverage and health financing for CVD ❤️ Advancing women's cardiovascular health   Secure your spot today and be part of our journey towards creating a better, healthier future for all. REGISTER NOW #Our World in Data Our recent publications and updates How effective are policies in reducing the environmental impacts of agriculture? Making agriculture sustainable is a difficult problem to solve. It feeds 8 billion people but is also the leading driver of deforestation, biodiversity loss, land use, freshwater withdrawals, and water pollution. The world will need effective policies and innovations in sustainable food technologies if we want to reduce these impacts while feeding 9 or 10 billion people. In a new article, Hannah Ritchie examines global data on agricultural policies, highlights some success stories (including the reduction of fertilizer use in Europe), and examines what policymakers need to consider to prevent environmental damage from being offshored to other countries. Read the article #IHME Nominations for the 2024 Roux Prize are now open! If you know someone who is making strides in global health, submit a nomination by May 15. 🥇 More on the Roux Prize. Why is tuberculosis still a major cause of death? “My personal connection to TB likely originated from my childhood experiences, when my daily walk to school took me past the grounds of a TB hospital. The windows of the hospital were always closed.”   We recently spoke with Dr. Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Associate Professor at IHME and the Department of Health Metrics Sciences at the University of Washington about a recent publication on the progress of eliminating global tuberculosis (TB) prevalence. The research, published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, used Global Burden of Disease Study data to examine the World Health Organization (WHO) End TB Strategy and understand if the world is keeping up with global milestones established by WHO. Interim milestones had aimed to reduce TB incidence rate by 20% and TB deaths by 35% from 2015 to 2020. According to the study, these milestones weren't met but there were notable global improvements around TB. Read the interview

3.185 AMICOR (26)

 3.185 AMICOR (26)

#Com Dra. Valderês A. Robinson Achutti (13/06/1931+15/06/2021)

Visitando um parque no Japão em maio de 2001

#Re-Publicando artigos antigos meus

TRAGÉDIA HUMANA (nos dias da queda das torres gêmeas:11/09/2001)
Aloyzio Achutti.

    O horror dos últimos dias que a todos nos chocou, não foi somente uma tragédia Americana, mas é um desastre para a humanidade. As pessoas diretamente afetadas e suas famílias certamente merecem nossa compaixão e condolências, mas o que vivenciamos não foi somente o assassinato de gente inocente por uma corja de desvairados agentes suicidas, as duas torres destruídas, e os aviões espatifados. Alguns valores, sonhos e ilusões também foram destruídos.

    Nos todos estamos chocados pela evidência de que o mal não está somente em nossas categorias clássicas de doenças, nos ferimentos não intencionais, acidentes e delinqüência comum. Nos ficamos todos contaminados pela ira, pelo ódio, e sentimentos de vingança. Não houve uma arma química ou biológica, mas explodiu uma bomba muito mais potente, perigosa, penetrante e insidiosa. Nossa racionalidade foi dominada por maus sentimentos, e demônios afetivos, que temos dentro de nós, estão agora soltos.

    Estamos todos chocados pela evidência de que a cadeia epidemiológica é mais intrincada e mais longa do que habitualmente a consideramos, não é somente um azar ou conseqüência de forças misteriosas, mas pode estar associada com o comportamento humano, e a maldade intrínseca. Nos todos estamos chocados pela evidência de que não somente no extremo da pobreza residem as ameaças para a vida e para a saúde, mas também do outro lado. Provavelmente as variáveis a serem consideradas, mais do que a simples magnitude isolada dos fenômenos, devam ser seus desequilíbrios e iniquidades. Estamos chocados pela evidência de que agora não somente a economia é global, mas também a política e outras coisas boas e más.

    Muitos sintomas aos quais nós progressivamente fomos nos acostumando, como a deterioração das relações humanas, a perda de valores tradicionais, e artes como a da medicina, dominação e dependência, discriminação e intolerância, promoção da violência e do ódio a qualquer pretexto, cobiça desenfreada, agora explodiram.

    Os frutos da força bruta e da violência são o sofrimento, mais ódio, destruição e morte. Nossa profissão está voltada essencialmente para a vida, e não podemos tolerar qualquer outra alternativa. Apesar de tudo, ainda existe uma saída: precisamos desesperadamente reforçar a amizade, o respeito, a compreensão, a tolerância, solidariedade, compaixão, e o mútuo apoio daqueles que tiverem ainda boa vontade.

#Eduardo Belardinelli Achutti

Nosso neto mais jovem, filho de nosso primeiro filho, Luiz Eduardo, e irmão da Júlia, também filhos da Maria Cristina Belardinelli, completou em Lily a primeira etapa de sua formação superior, iniciada em Roma. Vai defender tese em outubro próximo, e continuar sua pós-graduação em Turim.

Deu-me enorme prazer, chamando-me por WA-vídeo, para dar essas notícias, no início da semana
#

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Download your free copy " CONSCIOUSNESS | ALL TOPICS   Declaration Extends Animal Consciousness to Insects and Beyond By DAN FALK A group of prominent biologists and philosophers announced a new consensus: There’s “a realistic possibility” that insects, octopuses, crustaceans, fish and other overlooked animals experience consciousness. Read the blog FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS   Hopes of Big Bang Discoveries Ride on a Future Spacecraft By ELISE CUTTS New clues about fundamental physics could come from the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), a spacecraft designed to detect gravitational waves that was recently approved by the European Space Agency. Read the article Related:  An Enormous Gravity ‘Hum’ Moves Through the Universe By Jonathan O'Callaghan (2023) Q&A   Pleasure or Pain? He Maps the Neural Circuits That Decide. By INGRID WICKELGREN The work of the neuroscientist Ishmail Abdus-Saboor has opened up a world of insights into precisely how much pleasure and pain animals experience during different forms of touch. Read the interview Related:  Scientists Reveal Structure of Pain Sensor By Emily Singer (2014) COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY   Cryptography Tricks Make a Hard Problem a Little Easier By BEN BRUBAKER For an important problem, it seemed as though trial and error was the best possible approach. Now researchers have proved that there’s a better way. Read the article Related:  Researchers Identify ‘Master Problem’ Underlying All Cryptography By Erica Klarreich (2022) GEOMETRY   Geometers Engineer New Tools to Wrangle Spacecraft Orbits By LEILA SLOMAN Mathematicians think abstract tools from a field called symplectic geometry might help with planning missions to far-off moons and planets. Read the article Related:  In the ‘Wild West’ of Geometry, Mathematicians Redefine the Sphere By Leila Sloman (2023) QUANTA SCIENCE PODCAST   Why the Human Brain Perceives Small Numbers Better By YASEMIN SAPLAKOGLU Podcast hosted by SUSAN VALOT A recent neurological study provides an unprecedented look at how number sense works in the human brain. Listen to the podcast Read the article Each week Quanta Magazine explains one of the most important ideas driving modern research. This week, senior math writer Jordana Cepelewicz describes how “toy” problems drive major breakthroughs.   Why Math Plays With Toys By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ Math is riddled with questions that seem silly or contrived, yet end up being surprisingly deep. Take a simple geometry question that dates back to 1917. Lay an infinitely thin needle on a table, then turn it so that it points in every possible direction. Depending on how you do this, you can sweep out all sorts of shapes: a circle, a triangle, the spiky contours of a sea urchin. What’s the area of the smallest shape you can make this way?   Mathematicians have proved that there’s no limit to how small it can be. Furthermore, they’ve formulated different versions of the problem, asking about the size of such shapes for notions of “size” other than area. These variations seem even more arbitrary than the original question — who cares?   As it turns out, such questions are intimately connected to some of the most central research programs in mathematics. Last year, I wrote several stories about how a variation of this problem underpins a tower of important conjectures about the behavior of functions, including one about the physics of waves. “Somehow, this geometry of lines pointing in many different directions is ubiquitous in a large portion of mathematics,” one mathematician told me.   Some “toy” problems stay just that — intriguing brainteasers that don’t become broadly relevant. But many others become laboratories of sorts: places for mathematicians to test out new ideas, explore novel connections and revisit math’s very foundations.   This sort of thing happens too often to be a coincidence. It illustrates the hidden complexity of simple problems and shows just how intertwined different fields of mathematics can be.   What’s New and Noteworthy   In a conversation with Quanta published in 2018, Tadashi Tokieda, a mathematician at Stanford University, spoke about how he plays with actual toys and everyday objects — strips of paper, balls in a bowl, rolls of quarters — to uncover mathematical insights. “If you come a little fresher, and a little more naïve, you can look all over the place … and find your own surprises,” he said.   Earlier this year, Kevin Hartnett wrote about a series of results in this vein, detailing mathematicians’ quest to discover the fattest possible Möbius strip and other “optimal” shapes. Richard Schwartz, one of the leaders of the project, spoke to Quanta a few years ago about what attracts him to such questions. By virtue of being so easy to state, toy problems often captivate mathematicians from different research areas and with varying levels of expertise — promoting novel approaches and diverse ways of thinking.   Moreover, “I feel if it’s a simple problem that hasn’t been solved, it probably has some kind of hidden depth to it,” Schwartz said.   The centuries-old “sphere packing” problem is a perfect example of this. How can you arrange spheres so that they fill as much space as possible? In 1611, Johannes Kepler conjectured that to get the optimal answer in 3D, you should stack spheres in a pyramid shape, akin to how oranges get piled in a grocery store. But it wasn’t until 1998 that a mathematician named Thomas Hales finally proved this.   In higher dimensions, the problem, though still straightforward, is even harder. In 2016, Quanta reported on a groundbreaking result that showed how to optimally pack eight- and 24-dimensional spheres into the densest possible configurations. Central to the work (for which Maryna Viazovska was awarded the Fields Medal in 2022) were complicated mathematical functions called modular forms.   Modular forms cropping up in this context came as a surprise to many mathematicians. But perhaps it no longer should: As I reported last year, these functions have also turned up in unexpected ways in number theory, combinatorics, topology, cryptography and even string theory. The sphere-packing problem, because it’s so simple and natural, has helped to cement just how fundamental this highly technical piece of mathematical technology can be. AROUND THE WEB The Oxford Mathematics channel on YouTube has a talk by Tokieda in which he uses a single sheet of paper to explore a wide variety of mathematical and scientific phenomena. Science Friday interviewed Eugenia Cheng about how simple questions, like why 1 + 1 = 2, can make mathematicians question their assumptions. Tim Gowers, a Fields medalist and celebrated mathematician, wrote a 2000 essay titled “The Two Cultures of Mathematics,” which explores different “types” of mathematicians and the kinds of questions they consider important. # The Math Behind Neural Networks Dive into Neural Networks, the backbone of modern AI, understand its mathematics, implement it from scratch, and explore its applications Cristian Leo · · Image by DALL-E Neural networks are at the core of artificial intelligence (AI), fueling a variety of applications from spotting objects in photos to translating languages. In this article, we’ll dive into what neural networks are, how they work, and why they’re a big deal in our technology-driven world today./.../