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Visitando o Cabo São Vicente em 1995. "Este cabo é o ponto mais a ocidente, não só da Europa, mas de todo o mundo habitado. (…)" segundo Estrabão (63 ou 64 a.C. - 23 d.C.), numa descrição da Península Ibérica
“There are at least 50 chemicals, probably many more, that literally make us fatter,” says environmental-health scientist Leonardo Trasande. He is among those researching ‘obesogens’ — chemicals, such as fungicides and flame retardants, that seem to make animals — or their descendants — gain fat. The term was coined by cell biologist Bruce Blumberg, who discovered in 2006 that tributyltin chloride promoted fat formation in mice. His advice? “Do not eat packaged processed food. It’s full of obesogens. Buy fresh ingredients and make a meal.”
Cientista inglesa, Rosalind Elsie Franklin nasceu a 25 de julho de 1920, em Londres, e morreu a 16 de abril de 1958, também em Londres, vítima de câncer de ovários. Pioneira no estudo de Biologia Molecular, foi responsável pela maior parte do trabalho de pesquisa que conduziu à descoberta da estrutura do ADN.
(L. Rezolla (AEI) & M. Koppitz (AEI & Zuse-Institut Berlin))
Ripples in space-time known as gravitational waves could help reveal the secrets at the dawn of time, just moments after the Big Bang, new research suggests.
And physicists say they can learn more about these primeval gravitational waves using nuclear fusion reactors here on Earth.
How will the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) reshape the tech industry? Until recently you might have used Google to search for an answer to that question. But now you have another option: to ask an AI-powered chatbot, which lets you gather information from the internet through typed conversations. ChatGPT, the leading example, can write essays, explain complex concepts, answer trivia questions and suggest menus or holiday destinations. By the end of January, two months after its launch, it was being used by more than 100m people, making it the fastest-growing consumer application in history. Our cover this week in most of the world examines the potential impact of chatbots on the lucrative business of internet search, and whether they might pose a threat to Google’s dominance. Microsoft, which has just integrated ChatGPT into its search engine, Bing, certainly hopes so. Could this be a Schumpeterian moment in which incumbents are toppled and rivals seize the initiative? The answer depends on moral choices, monetisation and monopoly economics. But a hugely valuable prize—to become the new front door to the internet—may be up for grabs.
In Asia, our cover considers the parable of Adani, a sprawling Indian business empire that has been humbled in the markets after a short-seller asked questions about its finances (the company denied the claims). Adani runs some of India’s biggest ports, stores a third of its grain, operates a fifth of its power-transmission lines and makes a fifth of its cement. Its woes do not just call into question the pharaonic ambitions of its boss, Gautam Adani. They are also a political embarrassment for Narendra Modi, the prime minister, who is a close associate of Mr Adani. For Mr Modi, big companies are important planks in his plan to boost capital investment in India’s infrastructure, as he strives to make the country a global manufacturing powerhouse. That has led to a culture of favouritism, subsidies and insufficient scrutiny of big business. The Adani affair thus poses the sternest test in years to Indian capitalism. India has many of the conditions in place for a sustained growth spurt. But if it is to achieve its potential, close and impartial oversight of corporate titans will be vital.
Zanny Minton Beddoes Editor-in-chief
#Consulado Geral do Líbano
9 DE FEVEREIRO – DIA DO SANTO MARON
Nosso avô paterno Antônio Mansur Achutti veio do Líbano para o Brasil em 1889 com seu irmão mais velho José. Em 1896 veio o irmão do meio Maron, e depois uma irmã Maria, que ao casar ficou com sobrenome Achutti Duqueche.
O Consulado Geral do Líbano no Rio de Janeiro parabeniza todos os maronitas do Líbano e do mundo e, em particular, a comunidade maronita no Brasil pela data de São Maron, cuja Festa litúrgica é comemorada todo dia 9 de Fevereiro.
Considerado o Pai do movimento espiritual e monástico, agora chamado de Igreja Maronita, São Maron, nascido em meados do século IV, foi um sacerdote que se tornou eremita, retirando-se para uma montanha perto de Antioquia. Sua santidade e milagres atraíram muitos seguidores e chamaram a atenção por todo o império.
O Movimento Maronita, que se tornaria Igreja Maronita, teve uma profunda influência no norte da Síria e no Líbano. São Maron passou toda a sua vida em uma montanha na região de Cyrrhus, na Síria. Acredita-se que o local foi chamado de "Kefar-Nabo" na montanha de Ol-Yambos, tornando-se o berço do movimento maronita.
Esse movimento chegou ao Líbano quando o primeiro discípulo de São Maron, Abraão de Cirro, que foi chamado Apóstolo do Líbano, percebeu que o paganismo estava prosperando na terra dos cedros, então se propôs a converter os pagãos, introduzindo-os no caminho de São Maron. Os seguidores de São Maron, tanto monges como leigos, sempre permaneceram fiéis aos ensinamentos da Igreja Católica.
Em 23 de fevereiro de 2011, o saudoso Papa Bento XVI inaugurou uma estátua de São Maron no muro externo da Basílica de São Pedro, no Vaticano, e transmitiu sua Bênção Apostólica. O santo aparece na escultura que tem uma miniatura da igreja maronita; a escultura também apresenta uma inscrição em siríaco lendo: "Os justos florescerão como uma palmeira, e crescerão como um cedro do Líbano".
A sede Patriarcal da Igreja Maronita fica em Bkerke, no Líbano, e é liderada pelo Patriarca Béchara Pierre Raï O.M.M, que foi confirmado pelo Papa Bento XVI, em 2011, como sendo o Patriarca Católico Maronita de Antioquia.
Maronitas no Brasil
Liderada pelo Bispo Dom Edgard Madi, cuja posse da Sé do Bispado Maronita em São Paulo ocorreu em 10 de Dezembro de 2006, a Igreja Maronita no Brasil tem a sua sede na Catedral N.Srª. do Líbano na cidade de São Paulo. As principais paróquias maronitas no Brasil estão Belo Horizonte (MG), Porto Alegre (RS), Brasília (DF), Campinas (SP), São José do Rio Preto (SP), Guarulhos (SP), Suzano (SP), Bauru (SP), Piracicaba (SP).
No Rio de Janeiro, encontra-se a Paróquia Nossa Senhora do Líbano, cujo Superior é o Padre Samuel Tanios Madel, MLM.
ChatGPT has had a much faster initial growth period than its older competitors like Facebook and Instagram. Jakub Porzycki/NurPhoto--Getty Images
BY ANDREW R. CHOW
Correspondent, TIME
The AI chatbot ChatGPT has become mega-popular in just a matter of weeks—way faster than social media platforms like TikTok or Instagram.
Only two months after its launch in late November, the chatbot had 100 million monthly active users in January, according to data from Similarweb. A study from Swiss bank UBS noted that "in 20 years following the internet space, we cannot recall a faster ramp in a consumer internet app.” OpenAI, which owns and hosts ChatGPT, recently became one of the 50 most visited websites in the world, according to Digital-adoption.com.
For context, it took Instagram two and a half years to get to 100 million. TikTok got there in nine months.
The astonishing rise of ChatGPT reveals both its usefulness in helping with a wide range of tasks and a general overflowing curiosity about human-like machines. Experts are split on whether this marks the dawn of a new AI-era or if the hype will die down as people hit the limits of ChatGPT's current capabilities./.../
Mathematicians Complete Quest to Build ‘Spherical Cubes’
By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ
Is it possible to fill space “cubically” with shapes that act like spheres? A proof at the intersection of geometry and theoretical computer science says yes.
How Our Reality May Be a Sum of All Possible Realities
By CHARLIE WOOD
Richard Feynman’s path integral is both a powerful prediction machine and a philosophy about how the world is. But physicists are still struggling to figure out how to use it, and what it means.
Researchers Discover a More Flexible Approach to Machine Learning
By STEVE NADIS
“Liquid” neural nets, based on a simple worm’s nervous system, can transform their underlying algorithms on the fly. Their flexibility gives them unprecedented speed and adaptability.
Type Ia supernovas are astronomers’ best tools for measuring cosmic distances. In a first, researchers have managed to re-create one on a supercomputer, giving a boost to a leading hypothesis for how they form.
The Joy of Asking About Infinity, Jellyfish and the End of the Universe
By POLLY STRYKER
As The Joy of Why podcast returns for a second season, producer Polly Stryker and host Steven Strogatz invite listeners to join them and their brilliant new guests on another voyage of discovery.
Tension Over Smoothness By collating several astronomical huge datasets, cosmologists have compiled the most detailed map yet of all the matter in the universe, reports Camille Carlisle for Sky & Telescope. It points to a new tension, or discrepancy, between theory and observation: The universe isn’t as clumpy as it should be. This “sigma-8" tension — as well as the more famous Hubble tension over the universe’s expansion rate — suggests that our cosmological model is incomplete. As Charlie Wood reported for Quanta in 2020, most efforts to resolve one tension worsen the other.
Big Surprise in a Small Package In a surprising discovery, researchers found that some bacteria encase their DNA in proteins called histones, reports Heidi Ledford for Nature. Until recently, scientists didn’t think bacteria even had these proteins. Histones package DNA in complex cells, too — but in them, the DNA spools around the proteins rather than being encased. In 2021, Viviane Callier wrote for Quanta about how histones could help us understand the origins of complex eukaryotic life.
#Our World on data
Research and data to make progress against the world’s largest problems
While SARS-CoV-2 has dominated headlines for the past few years, other viruses have been simmering in the background. And with most of COVID-19’s infection control measures (like mask-wearing, isolation, and physical distancing) now gone in the U.S., those viruses are starting to roar back again.
The U.S. has already seen spikes in RSV and influenza, and now norovirus cases are inching upward, according to the latest data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Unlike SARS-CoV-2, RSV, and influenza, norovirus is not a respiratory pathogen but instead causes problems in the gastrointestinal tract. Each year, the U.S. has about 2,500 outbreaks that typically occur during the winter months from November to April, leading to 19 to 21 million cases of illness and nearly half a million emergency-room visits. Young children and older people are the most vulnerable to serious complications from the infections, leading to 100,000 hospitalizations and 900 deaths annually./
How to protect yourself from norovirus
Norovirus is more difficult to eliminate than SARS-CoV-2. Start with the same infection control measures for COVID-19, but keep these additional things in mind:
Wash your hands with soap and water, not hand sanitizer, frequently. Hand sanitizers won’t inactivate norovirus, says Jaykus, but the physical act of washing your hands, plus the soap and running water, can remove more virus.
Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
Cook seafood to at least 145°F.
Try to isolate and sanitize shared surfaces if someone in your household is infected. If there is feces or vomit on the surface, clean it first before disinfecting it, since disinfecting agents don’t work as well in the presence of organic material.
Published in October 2020, The Lancet’s special issue on GBD includes the most up-to-date global health data from 2019 with the latest analysis focused on five key themes: demographics, diseases and injuries, risk factors, population forecasting, and universal health coverage.
Artigo sobre Doença de Alzheimer alertado pela AMICOR Maria Inês Reinert Azambuja
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