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Saturday, July 15, 2023

AMICOR 3.145 (26)

 AMICOR 3.146 (26)

#Dra. Valderês Antonietta Robinson Achutti (*13/06/1931+15/06/2021)

No Tahiti


#Slideshow: 107 fotos de abertura Clicar em apresentação

#RePublicando artigo meu

Jornal Zero Hora 18184 de 5 de junho de 2015

RECOMPENSA, POR ALOYZIO ACHUTTI*

Emoções, tanto o amor quanto o ódio passam pelo circuito da recompensa (reward, na literatura inglesa). Não é novidade sua importância neuropsicológica. As experiências de Pavlov, sensações e reações de prazer e dor, as teorias do aprendizado, dependência química ou psicológica, tudo aponta na mesma direção. Fazem parte da interação entre seres vivos e com o resto do ambiente. Tem a ver com evolução, sobrevivência, preservação da espécie, adaptação, comportamento, atitude e cultura.


A nutrição na vida fetal, a satisfação da fome através da amamentação, o calor materno, a própria percepção do pulsar do coração da mãe denunciando sua presença, seus cuidados e primeiras lições de sobrevivência, nos marcam do mesmo modo de forma indelével.


Fome, frio, dor, carência afetiva, frustrações, levam-nos a buscar alívio ou compensação. Este mecanismo, de tão forte, pode levar à dependência, e até substituir o objeto primário da função. A memória do caminho do sucesso redireciona a busca, e pode tornar mais fácil o prazer, no jogo para alcançar a recompensa, do que a satisfação do impulso inicial.


Recompensa parece ser apenas a via positiva de um mesmo caminho, em cuja contramão andam castigo, ódio, e vingança.


Carinho, elogio, comércio, salário, propina, negociações políticas, toma lá dá cá, tudo pode encontrar sentido e explicação em estruturas neuropsicológicas. A dificuldade está em sua utilização adequada e dose certa. Utilizamos continuamente recursos naturais. Entretanto, a exploração abusiva pelo próprio indivíduo, ou por outros, de tudo que a vida e a natureza nos proporcionam, pode ter curso desastroso.


É sabido que na raiz da violência urbana estão a falta do carinho materno, da segurança familiar, a desigualdade e a marginalização social. As tentativas de correção tardia dos problemas com punição e cadeia vêm na contramão, e resultam no que vemos todo o dia: drogadição, aumento da criminalidade, corrupção e prisões lotadas.


A discussão para encontrar os melhores caminhos para a sociedade e as definições de prioridade política já se encontram depravadas pela troca de favores e abandono da racionalidade.


Afinal pode-se chegar à conclusão de que o comportamento social é praticamente o mesmo, tanto nos estratos marginais quanto nos mais desenvolvidos. A diferença não está na motivação que nos move, mas apenas nas aparências, na sofisticação, e na linguagem, todos estamos estimulando nosso circuito da recompensa.


*Médico




#LIBANUS Revista


#VCOINS

A esposa, três filhas e a sogra do Professor Johan Friederich Böbien (da Prussia Renana e minha 5a geração) que aqui chegou em 1828 com duas filhas, tinham Catherine no nome. Uma delas é minha ancestral, e outra de meu amigo Prof. José Antônio Brenner. A coincidência terá  a ver com a Imperatriz (que reinou até 1796)?
Catherine the Great assumes power, July 9 1762


Beatriz Camino
  •  
Catherine the Great assumes power, July 9 1762

Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great (1729-1796), was Empress of Russia
from 1762 until 1796
. She was Russia’s longest female ruler and last empress
regnant. During her reign, the country became one of the greatest powers in
Europe thanks to her numerous reforms and her pursuit of the Westernization of
Russia.

Early Years and Rise to Power

The Empress was born in the city of Stettin, in Prussia, on April 21, 1729. Her
parents were Prince Christian August of Anhalt-Zerbst and Princess Johanna
Elizabeth of Holstein-Gottorp.

Even though they belonged to the German royalty, they had little money and
an advantageous marriage was the best way to advance their interests. In this
sense, Catherine was groomed to become the wife of some powerful monarch. 
When she was fifteen, she met Grand Duke Peter, the heir to the Russian
throne, whom she married in 1745.
 The marriage was an unhappy one and
there was no sign of love or affection between the couple./.../

CDC/USA GOV








Recomendado pela AMICOR Prof. Maria Inês Reinert Azambuja

#Ellis Alindo D'Arrigo Busnello+

Grande amigo. Foi um dos quatro companheiros de
universidade que apadrinharam nssa Lua de Mel em Gramado (1957) durante duas semanas.
Emprestaram-nos, cada um,  parece-me que quatro mil cruzieros (?), e ele, junto com outro,
não aceitaram receber a restituição na volta. É uma simples memória de nossa amizade que
agora fica somente na 
memória. Aos familiares e amigos enviei meu abraço, juntamente com
o da Valderês (que certamente também o faria, se ainda aqui estivesse). 

#O Globo

#Livescience

Explosive 'star factory' image marks the James Webb telescope's one-year anniversary of operations


#History Channel
1789  


French revolutionaries storm the Bastille
Parisian revolutionaries and mutinous troops storm and dismantle the Bastille, a royal fortress and prison that had come to symbolize the tyranny of the Bourbon monarchs. This dramatic action signaled the beginning of the French Revolution, a decade of political turmoil and terror in which King Loui... read more

#Our World in Data

Scroll to all of our topics
All free: open access and open source

We published a major overhaul of our work on Population Growth
Population growth is one of the most important topics we cover at Our World in Data.
For most of human history, the global population was a tiny fraction of what it is today.
Over the last few centuries, it has gone through an extraordinary change. In 1800,
there were one billion people. Today, there are more than eight billion of us. 

But after a period of very fast growth, demographers expect the world population to peak
by the end of this century. 

On our overhauled page, you will find all of our data, visualizations, and writing on
population. This includes how populations are distributed worldwide, how this has changed,
and what demographers expect for the future. 

#
My Bookmarks

Q&A | ALL TOPICS

 

The Physicist Who’s Challenging the Quantum Orthodoxy

Interview by THOMAS LEWTON;
Video by CHRISTOPHER WEBB-YOUNG and NOAH HUTTON

For decades, physicists have struggled to develop a quantum theory of gravity. But what if gravity — and space-time — are fundamentally classical?

Read the article | Watch the video

GEOMETRY

 

New Proof Threads the Needle on a Sticky Geometry Problem

By JORDANA CEPELEWICZ

A new proof marks major progress toward solving the Kakeya conjecture, a deceptively simple question that underpins a tower of conjectures.

Read the article


Related: 
A Question About a Rotating Line Helps
Reveal What Makes Real Numbers Special

By Kevin Hartnett (2022)

MICROBIOLOGY

 

In a Fierce Desert, Microbe ‘Crusts’ Show How Life Tamed the Land

By ZACK SAVITSKY

Microorganisms carpeting the Atacama Desert in Chile illuminate how life might have first taken hold on Earth’s surface.

Read the article


Related: 
Heat-Loving Microbes, Once Dormant,
Thrive Over Decades-Old Fire

By Carrie Arnold (2019)

THE JOY OF WHY

 

Can Math and Physics Save an Arrhythmic Heart?

Podcast hosted by STEVEN STROGATZ

Abnormal waves of electrical activity can cause a heart’s muscle cells to beat out of sync. In this episode, Flavio Fenton, an expert in cardiac dynamics, talks with Steve Strogatz about ways to treat heart arrhythmias without resorting to painful defibrillators.

Listen to the podcast

Read the transcript

COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY

 

How to Build a Big Prime Number

By STEPHEN ORNES

Producing a prime number on command shouldn’t be difficult, but it is. Lijie Chen and others helped develop a new algorithm that uses randomness and determinism to quickly produce reliable large prime numbers.

Read the column


Related: 
How Randomness
Improves Algorithms

By Ben Brubaker (2023)

Around the Web

The Far Side of the Moon
Two Chinese orbiters have found a hot spot on the far side of the moon, reports Kenneth Chang for the New York Times. The oddly warm area also contains a large slab of granite, which scientists have considered to be a rarity in our solar system because the rock seems to form through the combined influence of water and plate tectonics. The presence of granite on the moon raises questions about the geochemistry and origins of our natural satellite. In 2017, Rebecca Boyle wrote for Quanta about the state of theories about how the moon formed.

Neutral Theory and Genetic Drift
Paleoanthropologists typically focus on natural selection when studying the evolution of humans. But Lauren Schroeder is studying how nonadaptive processes such as genetic drift influenced our evolution, writes Anna Gibbs for Science News. Scientist have found that these nonadaptive processes play a much larger role in evolution than was previously thought — perhaps even larger than natural selection in some cases. In 2020, Christie Wilcox explained this neutral theory of evolution for Quanta.

Saturday, July 08, 2023

3.144 - AMICOR (26)

 


#Dra. Valderês Antonietta Robinson Achutti (*13/06/1931+15/06/2021)

Salve 09 de julho de 1957!

#Slideshow: 107 fotos de abertura Clicar em apresentação

# RE-PUBLICANDO artigo meu


#Hospital Moinhos de Vento
Hospital Moinhos de Vento Redefinindo a Saúde no Brasil! Todos nós fazemos parte dessa história. Assista o vídeo do nosso posicionamento e compartilhe!
#O Estado de SP (ROBERTA JANSEN)
#CAAT
#MEDSCAPE

Medscape Staff June 26, 2023





Exercise can suppress signaling within breast cancer cells, which can reduce tumor growth and even kill the cancerous cells, according to a team of Texas A&M researchers from the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences.

What to Know

  • During muscle contractions, the muscle releases some factors that kill, or at least decrease the growth, of neoplastic cells and in some cases may play a role in fighting breast cancer.

  • The factors inherently reside in muscle and are released into the bloodstream. Simple forms of muscle contraction, such as occur when going on a walk or getting up to dance, can release these factors to combat cancer.

  • It is believed that the risk of breast cancer is decreased with exercise because exercise slows the growth of abnormal cells and that precancerous cells can be destroyed by the body before they start to develop.

  • Regular exercise could disrupt communication in the cancerous cells so as to stop their growth, and the factors released by exercise may play a role in preventing the development of breast cancer in the first place.

  • Exercise is not 100% guaranteed to prevent cancer. Some people who work out regularly are still diagnosed with cancer, and there are many confounding factors that affect a person's risk of developing cancer, such as smoking, age, genetics, and comorbidities.

This is a summary of the article, "Myokines Derived From Contracting Skeletal Muscle Suppress Anabolism in MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells by Inhibiting mTOR," published in Frontiers In Physiology in October 2022. The full article can be found on frontiersin.org.

#TeleMRPA

https://app.rdstation.email/mail/1d3970b8-d44e-47dc-ac21-faaa86e55312?utm_campaign=v2_micromed__telemrpa_-_base_de_clientes_micromed&utm_medium=email&utm_source=RD+Station

#Nature

Anti-ageing protein boosts monkey memory

Injecting ageing monkeys with a ‘longevity factor’ protein called klotho can improve their cognitive function — hinting at possible treatments for neurodegenerative diseases in people. Klotho is a naturally occurring protein whose level in our bodies declines as we age. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) aged about 22 years — around 65 years in human terms — became better at remembering where food was hidden after receiving klotho. Before the injections, they identified the correct location around 45% of the time, compared with around 60% of the time after injection. The effect lasted for up to two weeks. It is still not clear how injecting klotho has this effect or why it lasts this long.

Nature | 4 min read
Reference: Nature Aging paperQUOTE OF THE DAY

“If you ask people about the model of an innovator, they think of Elon Musk or some old white guy in a lab coat … They don’t think of black people, enslaved, in Jamaica in the 18th century.”

Historian Jenny Bulstrode reveals that an iron-working process that was pivotal to the industrial revolution was developed by enslaved metallurgists in Jamaica and not by the British industrialist who patented it, Henry Cort. (The Guardian | 4 min read)
Reference: History and Technology paper

#Our World in Data

We just published a new page on Human Rights


Explore data on human rights across the world, and see how these rights have changed over time.


More of our recent work

We just published a major overhaul of our work on Diarrheal Diseases
We just published a new topic page on Women’s Rights
We published a major overhaul of our work on Illicit Drug Use
We published a new topic page on LGBT+ Rights
We published a major overhaul of our work on Mental Health

We just published a new page on Economic Inequality

Explore global data on economic inequality, and how this is changing over time.

#O Globo


#World Heart Federation

Download our new resources: posters, leaflet & more!
 
Take the quiz 💻
ACCESS THE QUIZ
Join the challenge🚴🏃‍♀️
JOIN THE CHALLENGE
 
Our new symbol
DOWNLOAD OUR T-SHIRT DESIGN
 


#
My Bookmarks

NUMBER THEORY | ALL TOPICS

 

Elliptic Curves Yield Their Secrets in a New Number System

By KEVIN HARTNETT

Ana Caraiani and James Newton have extended an important result in number theory to the imaginary realm.

Read the article

MICROBIOLOGY

 

How Microbes Gained Photosynthesis Superpowers

By SAUGAT BOLAKHE

New research reveals how marine microbes use an extra membrane that once had digestive functions to boost their yield from photosynthesis.

Read the blog


Related: 
Why Are Plants Green?
To Reduce the Noise in Photosynthesis.

By Rodrigo Pérez Ortega (2020)

RAMSEY THEORY

 

Mathematical Tricks for Taming the Middle Distance

By LEILA SLOMAN

Recent discoveries in Ramsey theory can handle numbers heading toward infinity. Finitely large numbers, however, require a different mathematical toolbox.

Read the blog


Related: 
Mathematicians Discover Novel Way
to Predict Structure in Graphs

By Jordana Cepelewicz

QUANTA SCIENCE PODCAST

 

Machines Learn Better if We Teach Them the Basics

Story by MAX G. LEVY;
Podcast hosted by SUSAN VALOT

A wave of research is improving reinforcement learning algorithms by pre-training them as if they were human.

Listen to the podcast

Read the article

Around the Web

Artificial Intelligence and Math
AI systems have revolutionized many areas of science and society. Now, they are transforming the field of mathematics, reports Siobhan Roberts for The New York Times. Before a computer can tackle a math problem, it must be able to understand the problem. Last year, Steven Strogatz talked with the mathematician Kevin Buzzard on The Joy of Why podcast about how to translate math into a programming language called Lean. In 2022, computers took on an age-old math problem involving the multiplication of matrices. As Ben Brubaker reported for Quanta, an AI system found a faster algorithm for multiplying certain matrices than humans ever did.

Quasar Signals Slowed by Expanding Universe
Astronomers watching the flashing radiation from distant quasars have found that the signals are slowed by the expansion of the universe, reports Ian Sample for The Guardian. It’s the first time the effect of time dilation has been observed in quasars. The observation further deepens scientists’ confidence that Einstein’s relativistic picture of the universe is correct. In 2022, physicist Sean Carroll explained for Quanta how relativity works and how some aspects of the theory predated Einstein.