pregnancy and birth

The Body by Bill Bryson. Lembrei-me de minha bisavó Maria link Cechella, parteira famosa em Santa Maria, Partejou muita gente importante, alguns respeitáveis médicos quando cresceram (Marsiaij, Beck...). Lembrei da alimentação e cuidados peri-natais e do AMICOR Cesar Gomes Victora

The risks of childbirth: "The business of pregnancy and birth has never been easy. However tedious and painful childbirth is now, it was much worse in the past. Until the modern era, levels of care and expertise were often pretty appalling. Just determining whether a woman was pregnant was a long-standing challenge for medical men. 'We have known a practitioner of thirty years' standing blister the abdomen in the ninth month under the idea that he was treating a morbid growth,' wrote one authority as late as 1873. The only truly reliable test, one doctor noted drily, was to wait nine months and see if a baby emerged. Medi­cal students in England weren't required to study any part of obstetrics until 1886./.../

Pregnant and migrant women

Table 5. Prevalence and Odds of Common Mental Disorders Associated With Insecure Immigration Status Amond Migran Women	Migrant Women and Antenatal Mental Health
	Fraser M. Anderson, Stephani L. Hatch, Elizabeth G. Ryan, Kylee Trevillion, and Louise M. Howard
	How do immigration status and ethnicity affect antenatal mental health among migrant women? Read this article to learn the prevalence and odds of common mental disorders in migrant women in the United Kingdom.

Barker Theory!...

Lasting Effects of Early Life Stress on Genome, Gut and Brain by Neuroscience News Researchers report stress during fetal development and early childhood can have lasting implications for brain development, leading to increased risks of brain disorders later in life. Read more of this post

Assisted Pregnancies

NEWS Teens born from assisted pregnancies may have higher blood pressure Sep 05 2018 6:00 AM Kids born from reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization are susceptible to high blood pressure as adolescents, a small study finds.

Louise Brown, 40.

40 years after the first IVF baby, a look back at the birth of a new era

LAURA SANDERS

6:00am, July 25, 2018

Born on July 25, 1978, Louise Brown, shown here at the Science Museum in London next to her baby picture, was the first baby conceived with IVF. Today, the procedure has led to the birth of millions of babies.

© SCIENCE MUSEUM, JODY KINGZETT

At 11:47 p.m. on July 25, 1978, a baby girl was born by cesarean section at the Royal Oldham Hospital in England. This part of her arrival was much like many other babies’ births: 10 fingers and 10 toes, 5 pounds, 12 ounces of screaming, perfect newborn. Her parents named her Louise. But this isn’t the most interesting part about Louise’s origins. For that, you have to go back to November 12, 1977, also near midnight. That’s when Louise Joy Brown was conceived in a petri dish.
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50 YEARS AGO

GENETICS,

TECHNOLOGY,

SCIENCE & SOCIETY

50 years ago, scientists took baby steps toward selecting sex

Excerpt from the August 3, 1968 issue of Science News

BY 

BETHANY BROOKSHIRE 

1:49PM, JULY 20, 2018

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE  The modern science of in vitro fertilization began 50 years ago, with an experiment in rabbits that selected for their sex.

BEZIKUS/SHUTTERSTOCK

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Toward preselected sex
Robert Edwards and Richard Gardner of Cambridge University … say they have been able to remove rabbit embryos … then reimplant only the blastocysts destined to develop into the chosen sex. The implications are obvious and enormous. If this procedure could be extended easily to man there might, for instance, be imbalances, even fads, in the selection by parents of one sex of child over another. — Science News, August 3, 1968.

Update

Edwards helped pioneer in vitro fertilization, resulting in the first IVF baby in 1978 and a Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 2010. He also foresaw technology’s potential for sex selection. With no sex selection, about 105 males are born for every 100 females worldwide. But in places where sex selection has been encouraged, through IVF and other methods, changes have resulted. In 1995, China’s ratio was 115 boys per 100 girls, according to U.N. estimates. By 2015, men outnumbered women in China by more than 42 million. In 2017, China ended its one-child policy
.

Baby Pregnant Mother's attitude

Mother’s Attitude Towards Baby During Pregnancy May Have Implications for Child’s Development by Neuroscience News

A new study reports mothers who feel more connected with their baby during pregnancy are more likely to have positive interactions with the infant when it is born. This can have a positive effect on the child's development.

Read more of this post

Placenta

Though often forgotten, the placenta has a huge role in baby's health APR 24 2018 12:30 PM Recent research in mice suggests that a lot of early problems in the embryo may actually have roots in the placenta. Read More

early health determination

Recomendação da AMICOR Maria Inês Reinert Azambuja

Origins of lifetime health around the time of conception: causes and consequences

Prof Tom P Fleming, PhD and col

,

Email the author Prof Keith M Godfrey

Published: 16 April 2018

Summary

Parental environmental factors, including diet, body composition, metabolism, and stress, affect the health and chronic disease risk of people throughout their lives, as captured in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease concept. Research across the epidemiological, clinical, and basic science fields has identified the period around conception as being crucial for the processes mediating parental influences on the health of the next generation. During this time, from the maturation of gametes through to early embryonic development, parental lifestyle can adversely influence long-term risks of offspring cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neurological morbidities, often termed developmental programming. We review periconceptional induction of disease risk from four broad exposures: maternal overnutrition and obesity; maternal undernutrition; related paternal factors; and the use of assisted reproductive treatment. Studies in both humans and animal models have demonstrated the underlying biological mechanisms, including epigenetic, cellular, physiological, and metabolic processes. We also present a meta-analysis of mouse paternal and maternal protein undernutrition that suggests distinct parental periconceptional contributions to postnatal outcomes. We propose that the evidence for periconceptional effects on lifetime health is now so compelling that it calls for new guidance on parental preparation for pregnancy, beginning before conception, to protect the health of offspring.

This is the second in a Series of three papers about preconception health

Placenta

Though often forgotten, the placenta has a huge role in baby’s health

Research in mice draws attention to the importance of the often-overlooked organ

ELIZABETH QUILL

12:30pm, April 24, 2018

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TREE OF LIFE  The placenta is a fetus’s lifeline throughout pregnancy. Some problems with embryo development may actually have roots in the placenta, recent research in mice suggests.

SEBASTIAN KAULITZKI/SHUTTERSTOCK

I am not the first person who has considered composing poetry to the placenta. One writer begins: “Oh Lady Placenta! What a life you lived in magenta.” Another almost coos to the “constant companion, womb pillow friend.” It might sound like odd inspiration for verse, but it’s entirely justified.

This vital organ, which is fully formed by about 12 weeks, nurtures a growing fetus throughout pregnancy, offering oxygen, nutrients and antibodies and eliminating waste. The placental cells forge a deep connection between mom and baby, a symbolic early step in a lifelong bond./.../

Uterus Transplants

Exclusive: 4 Breakthrough Uterus Transplants Performed in the U.S.

• Alexandra Sifferlin @acsifferlin
 

5:00 AM ET

The surgeries could ultimately allow thousands
of women without a uterus to give birth in the future

From left to right: Dr. Greg McKenna,
Dr. Giuliano Testa, Dr. E. Colin Koon,
and Dr. Liza Johannesson perform a
womb transplant surgery at Baylor
University Medical Center on Sept. 14, 2016.

Prenatal Acetaminophen

8.16.2016

Does Prenatal Acetaminophen Use Affect Kids' Behavior?

Link between risk of behavioral problems, use of drug

READ NOW

Sweeteners

The Growing Case Against Artificial Sweeteners

Eating more sugar substitutes during pregnancy is linked to overweight and obesity in kids, one study finds

They’re supposed to be a way to have the proverbial cake and, literally, eat it too: all the sweet taste without the calories and the metabolic health problems that come with sugar. 

But it turns out that artificial sweeteners may be too good to be true, more and more studies are finding. The latest, which looked at moms-to-be who consumed more artificial sweeteners, found that even though they are low- or no-calorie, the compounds may contribute to overweight and obesity in their children after birth.

In a report published in JAMA Pediatrics, researchers led by Meghan Azad, assistant professor in pediatrics and child health at University of Manitoba in Canada, studied more than 3,000 pregnant women and their infants. The expectant moms answered questions about what they ate, and their babies were followed for a year after birth. Moms who reported consuming more artificial sweeteners—such as Equal (aspartame), Splenda (sucralose) and Sweet’n Low (saccharin)—in beverages were twice as likely to have children that were overweight or obese at one year, compared to women who reported using artificial sweeteners less.

the First Nine Months Shape the Rest of Your Life

How the First Nine Months Shape the Rest of Your Life

By ANNIE MURPHY PAUL Wednesday, Sep. 22, 2010

Pregnant Woman

Heide Benser / Corbis

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  What makes us the way we are? Why are some people predisposed to be anxious, overweight or asthmatic? How is it that some of us are prone to heart attacks, diabetes or high blood pressure?

There's a list of conventional answers to these questions. We are the way we are because it's in our genes. We turn out the way we do because of our childhood experiences. Or our health and well-being stem from the lifestyle choices we make as adults.

Read more: http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2020815,00.html?xid=newsletter-europe-weekly#ixzz10iv6ZSdv/.../

Umbilical Cords Clamped Too Soon

Umbilical Cords Clamped Too Soon, Researchers Say

By Robin Nixon, LiveScience Staff Writer

posted: 24 May 2010 03:41 pm ET

Waiting until the cord stops pulsing could give the newborn significant health benefits, suggests a review article in the most recent issue of the Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

"Ob-gyns and parents should think about giving the cord blood to the baby," said lead researcher Paul Sanberg of the University of South Florida. "It only takes a few minutes."

Postpartum Smoking Relapse

Postpartum Smoking Relapse May Be Prevented By Newly-Defined Factors28 Aug 2008 Although many women quit smoking during pregnancy to protect their unborn children from the effects of cigarettes, half of them resume the habit within a few months of giving birth. By shedding light on the factors that enable the other half to put down that cigarette for good, a study by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill could lead to programs designed to help women quit and stay quit. According to the study, women with a live-in partner who shared some of the burden of child-rearing were more likely to remain smoke free, while women who were single mothers or who lacked the social and financial resources to deal with being a new parent were more likely to relapse. "In the future we can look at these and other factors in women who quit smoking during pregnancy to assess who is at low or high risk of relapse," said Carol E. Ripley-Moffitt, MDiv, research associate in UNC's department of family medicine and the study's lead author. "We can then offer more intensive interventions for those at higher risk to address the physical, behavioral and social issues related to relapse." /.../