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Tuesday, November 26, 2013

Gabrb1


Mutations in the Gabrb1 gene promote alcohol consumption through increased tonic inhibition

 
Article number:
 
2816
 
doi:10.1038/ncomms3816
Received
 
Accepted
 
Published
 


Alcohol dependence is a common, complex and debilitating disorder with genetic and environmental influences. Here we show that alcohol consumption increases following mutations to the γ-aminobutyric acidA receptor (GABAAR) β1 subunit gene (Gabrb1). Using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis on an alcohol-averse background (F1 BALB/cAnN x C3H/HeH), we develop a mouse model exhibiting strong heritable preference for ethanol resulting from a dominant mutation (L285R) in Gabrb1. The mutation causes spontaneous GABA ion channel opening and increases GABAsensitivity of recombinant GABAARs, coupled to increased tonic currents in the nucleus accumbens, a region long-associated with alcohol reward. Mutant mice work harder to obtain ethanol, and are more sensitive to alcohol intoxication. Another spontaneous mutation (P228H) in Gabrb1 also causes high ethanol consumption accompanied by spontaneous GABA ion channel opening and increased accumbal tonic current. Our results provide a new and important link between GABAAR function and increased alcohol consumption that could underlie some forms of alcohol abuse.

At a glance

Figures

left
  1. Alcohol consumption and behavioural phenotype of Gabrb1+/L285.
    Figure 1
  2. β1 mutations influence tonic and phasic inhibition of MSNs.
    Figure 2
  3. Effects of β1L285R and β1P228H on recombinant GABAARs.
    Figure 3
  4. Effects of β1L285R and β1P228H on δ-containing recombinant GABAARs.
    Figure 

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