Translate AMICOR contents if you like

Friday, January 06, 2017

Hypertension World 1975-2015


No data is available

Summary

Background

Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher.

Methods

For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure.

Findings

We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19·1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127·0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125·7–128·3) in men and 122·3 mm Hg (121·0–123·6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 mm Hg (77·9–79·5) for men and 76·7 mm Hg (75·9–77·6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24·1% (21·4–27·1) in men and 20·1% (17·8–22·5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in east and southeast Asia, south Asia, Oceania, and sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015, central and eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest blood pressure levels. Prevalence of raised blood pressure decreased in high-income and some middle-income countries; it remained unchanged elsewhere. The number of adults with raised blood pressure increased from 594 million in 1975 to 1·13 billion in 2015, with the increase largely in low-income and middle-income countries. The global increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure is a net effect of increase due to population growth and ageing, and decrease due to declining age-specific prevalence.
 SBP
(mmHg)
Image link to world map for mean systolic blood pressureImage link to line chart for mean systolic blood pressure for specific countriesImage link to ranking chart for mean systolic blood pressure for all countriesImage link to bubble chart for mean systolic blood pressure and population size for each country in the world, correlated with other factors such as BMI, GDP, education, and urbanisation
Mean DBP
(mmHg)
Image link to world map for mean diastolic blood pressureImage link to line chart for mean diastolic blood pressure for specific countriesImage link to ranking chart for mean diastolic blood pressure for all countriesImage link to bubble chart for mean diastolic blood pressure and population size for each country in the world, correlated with other factors such as BMI, GDP, education, and urbanisation
Raised BP
(SBP ≥ 140 mmHg 
or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg)
Image link to world map for raised blood pressure prevalenceImage link to line chart for raised blood pressure prevalence for specific countriesImage link to ranking chart for raised blood pressure prevalence for all countriesImage link to bubble chart for number of people with raised blood pressure for each country in the world, correlated with other factors such as BMI, GDP, education, and urbanisation

No comments: