health inequalities

The Lancet, Volume 375, Issue 9711, Pages 274 - 275, 23 January 2010

Who owns health inequalities?

Constance A Nathanson a

Health inequalities are old news—very old news. John Graunt's analysis of the English Bills of Mortality, statistically documenting the fact of inequality in death, was published in the mid-17th century. Beginning early in the 19th century, death rates by occupation compiled by the Registrar General's Office in London left no doubt that those in the bottom ranks died at substantially higher rates than those at the top. At much the same time, French scholars concluded that the condition most closely associated with an early death was poverty, basing their findings on a series of remarkable studies published in the first public health journal, Annales d'hygiène publique. The facts of inequality in disease and death were well known before the beginning of the 20th century. Their perennial rediscovery in the years since has little to do with lack of knowledge and much to do with heated (and value-laden) disagreement among scholars, bureaucrats, and politicians about why inequalities exist, what should be done about them, and who should do it. By their nature, these questions are interrelated. Inequalities attributed to sinful indulgence in wine and women are much less likely to interest penny-pinching public authorities than those attributed, for example, to the handle on the Broad Street pump./.../

Estratégias da medicina preventiva

Estratégias da medicina preventiva Geoffrey Rose, com comentários de Kay-Tee Khaw e Michael Marmot Editora: Artmed Geoffrey Rose, com comentários de Kay-Tee Khaw e Michael Marmot - Este livro reflete o trabalho pioneiro de Geoffrey Rose, que influenciou e impulsionou o desenvolvimento da prática clínica preventiva e das políticas públicas de saúde. Esta edição comentada reúne ao texto clássico de Rose os comentários de Kay-Tee Khaw e Michael Marmot, que acrescentam suas próprias perspectivas sobre a importância das ideias do autor para a medicina atual, trazendo novos exemplos de como essa teoria pode ser aplicada. Outras informações no site da editora

FEEE: Território Paiva

Território Paiva

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10o. FORUM SOCIAL MUNDIAL

    FÓRUM SOCIAL MUNDIAL

Porto Alegre terá 400 oficinas do evento

Foi divulgada a programação do Fórum Social Mundial, que terá sua edição comemorativa de dez anos entre domingo, 24, e 29 de janeiro. A Capital sediará um dos principais debates, o seminário “Dez anos depois: desafios e propostas para um outro mundo possível”. Voltado a intelectuais e pensadores de diferentes continentes, o encontro ocorrerá na Usina do Gasômetro, Cais Mauá, Câmara Municipal e Assembleia Legislativa. Porto Alegre também receberá outras 400 oficinas, cem delas direcionadas ao público infantil. Leia mais...

INRUD: INTERNATIONAL NETWORK RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS

We Are Now Plan ing for The Third Int ernat iona l Conferenc e on Improving Use of Medicines (ICIUM2011): April 10–14, 2011, in Alexand ria, Egypt INRUD country groups, prepare to share your work! Together with international colleagues, we are now planning ICIUM2011,which will be held in the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt, April 10–14, 2011. The theme of the conference will be “Informed Strategies, Effective Policies, Lasting Solutions.” Registration and abstract details will be announced by April 2010, and abstracts will need to be submitted before December 7, 2010.
Many INRUD colleagues remember the landmark ICIUM1997 and ICIUM2004 (www.icium.org).
ICIUM2011 is intended to be as unique as its two predecessors. The conference will focus on medicine use in low- and middle-income countries, will be highly interactive, and will be designed to produce actionable results./.../

The Effects of Inequality

Why More Equality? The Effects of Inequality Until recently, most of the argument about the scale of income inequality in modern societies has been about fairness and unfairness. But it has recently become possible to compare the scale of income differences in different societies and see how the social fabric of society is affected by how much inequality there is. Research using this data carried out since the early 1990s shows that many of the most pressing health and social problems are worse in more unequal societies - often much worse. Societies with bigger income differences between rich and poor seem to suffer more of a very wide range of health and social problems. These web pages outline the evidence and tell you where to find more detailed summaries and research reports. A straight forward outline of all the material can be found in a book written by Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, called The Spirit Level, published by Penguin. Buy the book from Amazon.

Climate Vs. Weather

Climate Vs. Weather Video

It happens every winter, and even more so during the recent cold snap here in the US: frequently people say, "Well, so much for global warming! Guess that's not an issue anymore!" But there's only one way to respond to that: "WRONG."
I was going to write an article about the difference between climate and weather, but I came across a great video series on You Tube called Climate Denial Crock of the Week, put together by Peter Sinclair, a longtime advocate of environmental awareness and energy alternatives, and Sinclair says everything better than I could. This video takes the 10-second sound bites used by those who deny climate change is occurring, and intelligently breaks them down one by one.
(...)

EPIGENETICS

Why Your DNA Isn't Your Destiny

By John Cloud Wednesday, Jan. 06, 201

Three generations: Dr. Lars Olov Bygren, with son Magnus and grandson Ludvig in Stockholm

Lars Tunbjork / VU

The remote, snow-swept expanses of northern Sweden are an unlikely place to begin a story about cutting-edge genetic science. The kingdom's northernmost county, Norrbotten, is nearly free of human life; an average of just six people live in each square mile. And yet this tiny population can reveal a lot about how genes work in our everyday lives./.../

Darwin’s illness revisited

Published 13 December 2009, doi:10.1136/bmj.b4968
Cite this as: BMJ 2009;339:b4968

Darwin’s illness revisited

John A Hayman, associate professor

¹ Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia

hayman@johnhayman.net

It is 200 years since the naturalist Charles Darwin was born. It is therefore an appropriate time to establish the nature of the illness that he endured throughout adulthood and to refute the many fanciful proffered diagnoses, both physical and psychological, or psychoanalytical.

Darwin on board HMS Beagle

Throughout his adult life Darwin endured a chronic, relapsing illness. This was present even before he sailed on HMS Beagle in 1831:

I was also troubled with palpitations and pain about the heart, and like many a young ignorant man, especially one with a smattering of medical knowledge, was convinced that I had heart-disease. I did not consult any doctor, as I fully expected to hear the verdict that I was not fit for the voyage, and I was resolvedto go at all hazards^1 /.../

Help Haiti - Drop the debt

Help Haiti - Drop the debt

Jan 16th, 2010 5:39 PM EST
By Roxane Philson

The harrowing images and stories coming out of Haiti are devastating to watch. Though I spend every day with the statistics and stories of extreme poverty, the scale of this tragedy is heartbreaking. Times like this remind me of our common humanity and the need to do all we can to help… So here’s our goal as ONE: $890 million for Haiti. That’s how much Haiti owes to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and a handful of others. Sign the petition to ask Haiti’s creditors to act quickly and cancel Haiti’s debts: Petition text: Dear finance ministers, IMF, World Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and bilateral creditors: As Haiti rebuilds from this disaster, please work to secure the immediate cancellation of Haiti’s $890 million debt and ensure that any emergency earthquake assistance is provided in the forms of grants, not debt-incurring loans. Haiti’s debt was largely accrued under the corrupt Duvalier regime, which borrowed money recklessly and spent it selfishly for 30 years. The new government has struggled with debt payments. And now, as the nation tries to recover from one of the worst disasters in recent years we can help by lifting this debt. Please join ONE and sign the petition today Act Now Thank you for doing your bit,

Did Foreigners Cause America's Financial Crisis?

EschCollection / Getty

By Stephen Gandel -   Friday, Jan. 15, 2010 (Read more: http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1954240,00.html?xid=newsletter-daily#ixzz0cmT6uv0i)

Much of the fault of the financial crisis has been heaped on Wall Streeters, unscrupulous mortgage lenders and weak regulators. But in a new research paper, economist Ricardo Caballero says there is another major group of contributors to America's monetary mess who are not getting the blame they deserve: foreigners.Blame China, Saudi Arabia and, yes, Canada.

"There is no doubt that the pressure on the U.S. financial system [that led to the financial crisis] came from abroad," says Caballero, who is the head of MIT's economics department. "Foreign investors created a demand for assets that was difficult for the U.S. financial sector to produce. All they wanted were safe assets, and [their ensuing purchases] made the U.S. unsafe."/.../

Toddler Found Frozen in Creek Revives

 Toddler Found Frozen in Creek Revives

MIAMI BEACH -- When Scott Magley, MD, of Conemaugh Memorial Medical Center in Johnstown, Pa., arrived at the scene in December 2008, the 23-month old toddler was literally a block of ice. After going missing for at least three hours, she had been... full storyhttp://www.medpagetoday.com/MeetingCoverage/SC CM/tb/17927

BISPHENOL RISK

Heart Risk of BPA Confirmed Download Complimentary Source PDF

By Kristina Fiore, Staff Writer, MedPage Today Published: January 13, 2010 Reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD; Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Dorothy Caputo, MA, RN, BC-ADM, CDE, Nurse Planner Researchers have confirmed that the bisphenol A (BPA) -- widely used in plastics including baby bottles and other drink containers -- increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Patients with the highest levels of the endocrine disruptor in their urine carried a 33% increased risk of coronary heart disease, a follow-up analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data showed. But associations with diabetes and elevated liver enzymes, which were found in earlier data that the researchers reported in 2008, were no longer significant, David Melzer, PhD, of Peninsula Medical School in Exeter, England, and colleagues reported online in PLoS ONE. (See Common Chemical Linked to Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders)

Fifth Phase of the Epidemiologic Transition

The Age of Obesity and Inactivity
J. Michael Gaziano, MD, MPH 
JAMA. 2010;303(3):(doi:10.1001/jama.2009.2025).
In 1900, Henry Ford unveiled the first car made in Detroit, the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union was founded in New York, and San Francisco was placed under a federal quarantine to prevent the spread of bubonic plague. Infectious disease was a major concern, and the most common causes of death in the United States and in many parts of the world at the time were pneumonia and tuberculosis. Today, most individuals die of cardiovascular disease or cancer. This dramatic shift in the illnesses that cause the majority of death and disability has been divided into 4 stages known as the epidemiologic transition.^1-2 In the last 2 decades, however, a fifth stage, marked by an alarming increase in overweight and obesity and continued decreases in physical activity, has emerged. This ongoing trend is addressed by 2 articles^3-4 in this issue of JAMA./.../

Dra. Zilda Arns: vítima do terremoto no Haiti

Zilda Arns Neumann tinha 73 anos, era médica pediatra e sanitarista, fundadora e coordenadora internacional da Pastoral da Criança
Foto:Divulgação / =

• Confira mais imagens da destruição causada pelo terremoto

Informação foi confirmada pelo gabinete do senador Flávio José Arns, sobrinho de Zilda, em Curitiba

Atualizada às 12h29min

A coordenadora da Pastoral da Criança, Zilda Arns, morreu em decorrência do terremoto no Haiti. A informação foi confirmada pelo gabinete do senador Flávio José Arns, sobrinho de Zilda.

Flávio Arns está em Brasília, de onde embarca, no avião do governo, para o Haiti. Ainda consternado pela notícia, o senador concedeu uma rápida entrevista à Rádio Gaúcha.

— Acabei de saber da notícia, estava vindo à Brasília. A gente lamenta, uma perda extraordinária, enorme, para o Brasil e para o mundo. Mas, ao mesmo tempo, um trabalho extraordinário, que fica como um legado de uma vida dedicada ao próximo.

Power promotes hypocrisy

Power promotes hypocrisy, study finds

Dec. 29, 2009
Courtesy Association for Psychological Science
and World Science staff

2009 may well be re mem bered for its scandal-ridden head lines, from ad mis sions of ex tra mar i tal af fairs by gov­er nors and sen a tors, to cor po rate ex ec u tives fly ing pri vate jets while cut ting em ploy ee ben e fits, and most re­cent ly, to a mys te ri ous early morn ing car crash in Flor i da. The past year has been marked by a se ries of mor al trans gres sions by pow er ful fig ures in po lit i cal, busi ness and celebr ity cir cles.

A new study ex plores why pow er ful peo­ple – many of whom take a mor al high ground – don’t prac tice what they preach. Above, a ses sion of U.S. Con gress pre­pares to lis ten to the pre si dent's State of the Union Speech in a 2003 White House photo.

A new study ex plores why pow er ful peo ple – many of whom take a mor al high ground – don’t prac tice what they preach.Re search ers sought to de ter mine wheth er pow er in spires hy poc ri sy, the ten­den cy to hold high stan dards for oth ers while per form ing mor ally sus pect be­hav iors one self. The re search found that pow er makes peo ple stricter in mor al judg ment of oth ers – while go ing easier on them selves./,,,/

Climate change and human health

Climate change is a significant and emerging threat to public health, and changes the way we must look at protecting vulnerable populations. WHO/Marko Kokic The most recent report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change confirmed that there is overwhelming evidence that humans are affecting the global climate, and highlighted a wide range of implications for human health. Climate variability and change cause death and disease through natural disasters, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts. In addition, many important diseases are highly sensitive to changing temperatures and precipitation. These include common vector- borne diseases such as malaria and dengue; as well as other major killers such as malnutrition and diarrhoea. Climate change already contributes to the global burden of disease, and this contribution is expected to grow in the future.

HOW IS THE INTERNET CHANGING THE WAY YOU THINK?

The Edge Annual Question — 2010

HOW IS THE INTERNET CHANGING THE WAY YOU THINK?

Read any newspaper or magazine and you will notice the many flavors of the one big question that everyone is asking today. Or you can just stay on the page and read recent editions of Edge ...

Playwright Richard Foreman asks about the replacement of complex inner density with a new kind of self-evolving under the pressure of information overload and the technology of the "instantly available". Is it a new self? Are we becoming Pancake People — spread wide and thin as we connect with that vast network of information accessed by the mere touch of a button.

Technology analyst Nicholas Carr wrote the most notable of many magazine and newspaper pieces asking "Is Google Making Us Stupid". Has the use of the Web made it impossible for us to read long pieces of writing?/.../

Ciências Sociais

BIBLIOTECA VIRTUAL DE CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS
http://www.bvce.org

O objetivo do projeto é colocar na Internet, para acesso gratuito, livros já publicados, de autores brasileiros ou residentes no Brasil, em português ou outras línguas, de todas as disciplinas das ciências humanas. Os livros que integram o site ou bem se encontram esgotados e os direitos autorais retornaram aos autores, ou bem os direitos autorais ainda se encontram em mãos das editoras, mas estas autorizaram a colocação no site. Este projeto é uma iniciativa do Centro Edelstein de Pesquisas Sociais, no espírito da Declaração de Berlin sobre Acesso Aberto ao Conhecimento nas Ciências e Humanidades. As diferentes áreas serão desenvolvidas sempre que possível em parceria com as diversas associações acadêmicas. A coleção inicial nas áreas de Antropologia, Ciência Política e Sociologia está sendo realizada em colaboração com a ANPOCS; de Filosofia com a ANPOF (Associação Nacional de Pós-graduação em Filosofia), a coleção de Psicologia Social, com a ABRAPSO; e de História, com a ANPUH. No futuro próximo, esperamos incluir outras disciplinas das ciências humanas. Estamos associando uma editora on demand, que permite a impressão de exemplares unitários de livros cujos direitos autorais pertençam aos autores.

Conta Saúde BR 2005-2007

Conta-Satélite de Saúde Brasil - 2005-2007

A saúde, habitualmente, não é tratada como uma atividade econômica pelos profissionais da área. Esse tipo de análise, porém, é fundamental tanto para o conhecimento da estrutura produtiva e da dinâmica do setor - incluindo seu financiamento, inter-relações com o resto da economia e destinação dos bens e serviços produzidos - quanto para a formulação e implementação de políticas com vistas ao aumento da eficiência na aplicação dos recursos públicos e à melhor distribuição dos bens e serviços de saúde à população.

Visando oferecer um panorama dos recursos e usos da saúde no Brasil, o IBGE divulgou, em 2008, o estudo Economia da saúde: uma perspectiva macroeconômica 2000-2005, no qual foram compilados e sistematizados dados sobre a produção, o consumo e o comércio exterior dos bens e serviços relacionados à saúde, bem como sobre o emprego e a renda nas atividades que geram esses produtos e a infraestrutura do setor, adotando-se como fonte principal o Sistema de Contas Nacionais. O estudo então realizado, fruto de esforços interinstitucionais desenvolvidos juntamente com a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Fiocruz, o Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA, a Agência Nacional de Saúde Suplementar - ANS, e o Ministério da Saúde, dimensionou, pela primeira vez, a participação da saúde no conjunto da economia brasileira, e de seu aprimoramento advém a Conta-Satélite de Saúde ora divulgada.