Enviado pela AMICOR Maria Inês Reinart Azambuja
December 20, 2016
Eyal Cohen, MD, MSc1,2,3,4,5; Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó, MSc, PhD2; Joel G. Ray, MD, MSc3,6; et alLars Pedersen, PhD2; Nancy Adler, PhD7; Anne Gulbech Ording, PhD2; Paul H. Wise, MD, MPH4; Arnold Milstein, MD5; Henrik Toft Sørensen, MD, DMSc, PhD2,8
JAMA. 2016;316(23):2515-2524. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.18425
Key Points
Question Do mothers who give birth to an infant with a major congenital anomaly have an increased risk of mortality?
Findings In this Danish population-based cohort study of 455 250 women, mothers of infants born with a major congenital anomaly had a significantly increased mortality risk compared with women without an affected infant (absolute mortality rate difference, 0.33 per 1000 person-years; hazard ratio, 1.27). This elevated risk was noted both during the first 10 years after the child’s birth, when the mother was likely caring for a dependent child with substantial health needs, and after longer follow-up, and no single cause of death explained this association.
Meaning Having a child with a major congenital anomaly was associated with a small but significantly increased risk of mortality in the mother.
Abstract
Importance Giving birth to a child with a major birth defect is a serious life event for a woman, yet little is known about the long-term health consequences for the mother.
Objective To assess whether birth of an infant born with a major congenital anomaly was associated with higher maternal risk of mortality.
Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study (n = 455 250 women) used individual-level linked Danish registry data for mothers who gave birth to an infant with a major congenital anomaly (41 508) between 1979 and 2010, with follow-up until December 31, 2014. A comparison cohort (413 742) was constructed by randomly sampling, for each mother with an affected infant, up to 10 mothers matched on maternal age, parity, and year of infant’s birth.
Exposure Live birth of an infant with a major congenital anomaly as defined by the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies classification system.
Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included cause-specific mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted for marital status, immigration status, income quartile (since 1980), educational level (since 1981), diabetes mellitus, modified Charlson comorbidity index score, hypertension, depression, history of alcohol-related disease, previous spontaneous abortion, pregnancy complications, smoking (since 1991), and body mass index (since 2004).
Results Mothers in both groups were a mean (SD) age of 28.9 (5.1) years at delivery. After a median (IQR) follow-up of 21 (12-28) years, there were 1275 deaths (1.60 per 1000 person-years) among 41 508 mothers of a child with a major congenital anomaly vs 10 112 deaths (1.27 per 1000 person-years) among 413 742 mothers in the comparison cohort, corresponding to an absolute mortality rate difference of 0.33 per 1000 person-years (95% CI, 0.24-0.42), an unadjusted HR of 1.27 (95% CI, 1.20-1.35), and an adjusted HR of 1.22 (95% CI, 1.15-1.29). Mothers with affected infants were more likely to die of cardiovascular disease (rate difference, 0.05 per 1000 person-years [95% CI, 0.02-0.08]; adjusted HR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.04-1.53]), respiratory disease (rate difference, 0.02 per 1000 person-years [95% CI, 0.00-0.04]; adjusted HR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.01-2.08]), and other natural causes (rate difference, 0.11 per 1000 person-years [95% CI, 0.07-0.15]; adjusted HR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.27-1.76]).
Conclusions and Relevance In Denmark, having a child with a major congenital anomaly was associated with a small but statistically significantly increased mortality risk in the mother compared with women without an affected child. However, the clinical importance of this association is uncertain.
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