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Sunday, December 11, 2016

Chocolate and Diabetes

chocolate

Regular Chocolate Consumption Reduces Diabetes Risk

People that eat chocolate at least once a week have a lower incidence of diabetes and are at lower risk for a diagnosis of diabetes four to five years later, new research from the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study confirms.
The study also suggests that the relation between the frequency of chocolate consumption may be due to an active choice on the part of diabetics. For example, diabetics may choose to reduce their frequency of chocolate consumption in an effort to reduce sweets.
The study of 908 nondiabetic and 45 diabetic participants found that persons who ate chocolate less than once a week were at twice the risk of diabetes mellitus compared to those who ate chocolate more than once a week. Consumption more than once a week did not decrease risk further.
The research, led by nutritionist and psychologist Georgina Crichton of the University of South Australia, and University of Maine psychology researchers Merrill “Pete” Elias, Peter Dearborn and Michael Robbins, was supported by the National Institutes of Health and the National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia.

CHOCOLATE HEALTH BENEFITS

Cause and effect relations between chocolate consumption and diabetes have not been established in any study in the literature, but in their research, the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study (MSLS) investigators concluded that a bidirectional relationship couldn’t be ruled out, modest amounts of chocolate protect against diabetes, but some diabetic individuals chose to eat modest amounts of chocolate.
After 2000, when the health benefits of chocolate became more widely known, persons who ate moderate amounts of chocolate had less incidence of developing diabetes. And, in fact, the study shows that the number of new cases of diabetes mellitus did not rise significantly for the next four to five years.
The MSLS investigators stress that their data do not argue against a causal relation between eating chocolate and developing diabetes. But they point out that the direction of the association may be reversed in some individuals.
“Regardless of the direction of the relation between chocolate consumption and diabetes mellitus, consuming chocolate at least once a week very much appears to be a win-win with regard to health benefits and cognitive performance for those who do not have special health restrictions on chocolate,” says Elias, who directs MSLS.

BETTER COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE

In the MSLS study, specific quantities of chocolate eaten were not measured.
However, findings from a number of studies would suggest that a moderate consumption of approximately one ounce (or 25 grams) of chocolate once a week, i.e. about a third of a typical chocolate bar, may be associated with health benefits, such as reduced arterial stiffness and better cognitive performance.
It is unclear if the benefits of chocolate are limited to dark chocolate. It is widely hypothesized that the cocoa flavanols, found in larger amounts in dark chocolate, are responsible for its health and cognitive benefits.
Elias points out that clinical trials are necessary to establish whether only dark chocolate is beneficial.

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