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Beer, Hordenine, Dopamine D2, Reward center

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 5 segundos

Beer Can Lift Your Spirits: Hordenine Activates Brain’s Reward Centerby Neuroscience News Hordenine, a substance present in beer and malted barley, activates dopamine D2 receptors through G proteins, leading to a possibly prolonged effect on the brain's reward center, researchers report. Read more of this post *Neuroscience News* | September 30, 2017 at 9:23 am | Tags: beer, D2 receptor, food, G proteins, hedonic hunger, hordenine | URL: http://wp.me/p4sXNK-bpa Comment See all comments

Hippocampus

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 21 horas

New Functions of the Hippocampus Unveiled [image: Neuroscience News]NEUROSCIENCE NEWSSEPTEMBER 29, 2017 FEATUREDNEUROSCIENCEOPEN NEUROSCIENCE ARTICLES8 MIN READ *Summary: A new PNAS study reveals the hippocampus can promote brain wide functional connectivity in the cerebral cortex, and enhance sensory response. Researchers say the hippocampus should be considered to the the ‘heart of the brain’.* *Source: University of Hong Kong.* *A research team led by Lam Woo Professor of Biomedical Engineering Ed X. Wu of the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of ... mais »

Coffee

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há um dia

Is Coffee Good for You? Here's the ScienceThat free cup of coffee for National Coffee day may come with health benefits, including protection against disease and cognitive decline

Dia Mundial do Coração

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há um dia

Take care of your heart Four out of five people who die from heart disease are killed by a heart attack or a stroke. Smoking tobacco, eating an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and the harmful use of alcohol all trigger heart disease. The Global Hearts Initiative focuses on preventing and controlling heart disease by managing risk factors. Learn more*Dia Mundial do Coração – Setembro do Coração* [image: Dia Mundial do Coração - email mkt]

New Way Of Mapping

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há um dia

There’s An Entirely New Way Of Mapping The World, And It’s BrilliantForget latitude and longitude–how about how long it takes you to get there? [image: There’s An Entirely New Way Of Mapping The World, And It’s Brilliant] [Photo: Peter Liu] - - - - BY KATHARINE SCHWAB3 MINUTE READ For centuries, people have relied on the same types of maps. Whether a map is interactive or hand-colored in a book, it offers latitude and longitude as the key indexes for getting from point A to point B. But designer and software engineer Peter Liu thinks he’s come up with an entirely new... mais »

RS: três rios mais poluidos

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há um dia

Esgoto sem tratamento coloca 3 rios gaúchos entre os 10 mais poluídos do Brasil Os pesquisadores Robson Valdez, Tarson Nuñez e Martinho Lazzari apresentaram a 9ª edição da publicação Panorama Internacional FEE. Foto: Maia Rubim/Sul21 Publicado em: setembro 28, 2017Lucas Rohan Três dos rios mais poluídos do Brasil estão na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre e são responsáveis pelo abastecimento de cerca de 1,5 milhão de pessoas: Sinos, Gravataí e Caí. A informação surpreende, mas não é novidade para os pesquisadores da Fundação de Economia e Estatística (FEE), que lançou nesta qui... mais »

Desigualdade BR

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 2 dias

[image: A judoca Stefannie Arissa Koyama, que disputará o Mundial de Budapeste pela seleção brasileira]Brasil não cresce se não reduzir sua desigualdade, diz Thomas Piketty O economista Thomas Piketty durante entrevista em hotel em SP *RICARDO BALTHAZAR* DE SÃO PAULO 28/09/2017 02h00 O Brasil não voltará a crescer de forma sustentável enquanto não reduzir sua desigualdade e a extrema concentração da renda no topo da pirâmide social, diz o economista francês Thomas Piketty./.../

Cardiologia - HMV

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 2 dias

28 DE SETEMBRO DE 2017 [image: Foto do perfil de Carisi A Polanczyk]Hospital Moinhos de Vento reinaugura Centro de CardiologiaREFORMA DE TRÊS meses modernizou setor, que passa a atender em novo modelo assistencial O Hospital Moinhos de Vento reinaugura o Centro de Cardiologia hoje, véspera do Dia Mundial do Coração. Após três meses de reforma e com um investimento de aproximadamente R$ 2,2 milhões, a unidade, no terceiro andar da instituição, ganha um novo modelo médico-assistencial. A estrutura física e tecnológica do centro, que integra a parte mais antiga do prédio C - onde ficam ... mais »

Cidades

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 2 dias

Future tech will give you the benefits of city life anywhere 11:07 minutes · TED@UPS Don't believe predictions that say the future is trending towards city living. Urbanization is actually reaching the end of its cycle, says logistics expert Julio Gil, and soon more people will be choosing to live (and work) in the countryside, thanks to rapid advances in augmented reality, autonomous delivery, off-the-grid energy and other technologies. Think outside city walls and consider the advantages of country living with this forward-thinking talk. Watch now »

Octoberfest

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 2 dias

Celebrate Oktoberfest with Us *Prost!*Oktoberfest is a time honored tradition celebrating the marriage of Bavarian Princess Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen and Crown Prince Ludwig in October of 1810 — and beer, of course. Since the publication of our first issue in 1845, *Scientific American* has been steeped in all things beer, from recipes and the chemistry of brewing to technology and the tools of the trade. With an All Access subscription, you’ll be able to tap into these fascinating stories and many others about one of the world’s most cherished beverages. SUBSCRIBE • January... mais »

Aging, Metabolism, inflammation

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 2 dias

Battling Belly Fat: Specialized Immune Cells Impair Metabolism in Agingby Neuroscience News Researchers reveal how the macrophages become inflamed as we age and prevent neurotransmitters from functioning correctly. Read more of this post *Neuroscience News* | September 27, 2017 at 1:07 pm | Tags: ATGL, macrphages , me tabolism, NLRP3 | URL: http://wp.me/p4sXNK-bnT Comment See all comments

Ângelo Domingo Pretto

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 3 dias

Dia 09 de Outubro 2017 de Angelo Domingo Pretto nosso cliente e amigo: Parabéns!

Google - 10 anos

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 3 dias

[image: 19º Aniversário do Google]

The World Food Crisis: The Way Out

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 3 dias

We are pleased to inform you that the 10th anniversary issue of the *Right to Food and Nutrition Watch, “The World Food Crisis: The Way Out”, *is now available online in English, Spanish, French and Portuguese here. With the world trapped in a multifold crisis, this year’s *Watch* takes stock of the past decade and present thought-provoking discussions and alternative solutions for finding our way out. You can follow the *international launch at FAO HQ in Rome today, 26 September*, *live* on our Facebook page here from 12:30 to 14:00, and subscribe to participate at the second *inte... mais »

Le Petit Prince

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 3 dias

*Hoje, graças à conversa com uma amiga e vizinha nonagenária, lembrei-me do Pequeno Príncipe que ajudei a divulgar por aqui em junho de 1954, dez anos depois de seu lançamento nos EEUU e na França. Quem nos apresentou a obra de Saint-Exupery foi um Frei Dominicano - Dom Marcos Barbosa que deu um curso de Liturgia, promovido pelo Cônego Alberto Etges, enquanto Reitor da PUCRS. (Meu outro amigo - Alexandre Gruszynski - também me ajudou atualizar essas memórias).* Le Petit Prince O Principezinho (PT) O Pequeno Príncipe (BR) [image: O-pequeno-príncipe.jpg] Capa da edição brasileira do liv... mais »

Adição, Dependência, Compulsão e Impulsividade

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 3 dias

[image: Sabrina Presman's photo.] SEP29 Lançamento do livro Adição, Dependência, Compulsão e Impulsividade Public · Hosted by Clif - Medicina do Comportamento Interested Share - *clock* Friday at 8 PM 3 days from now · 20–25°Partly Cloudy - *pin* Show Map Livraria da Travessa (Ipanema) R. Visconde de Pirajá, 572 - Ipanema, 22.410-002 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro - *envelope* Invited by Analice Gigliotti

Human Development Report 2016

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 4 dias

Counting What Counts in Development *Author: Selim Jahan, Director of the Human Development Report Office, UNDP* To most people, “development” is best measured by the *quantity* of change – like gains in average income, life expectancy, or years spent in school. The Human Development Index (HDI), a composite measure of national progress that my office at the United Nations Development Programme oversees, combines all three statistics to rank countries relative to one another. What many do not realize, however, is that such metrics, while useful, do not tell the entire story of developm... mais »

Médicaments contrefaits

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 4 dias

[image: Interpol a annoncé lundi une saisie record de 25 millions de médicaments contrefaits et interdits dans le monde, et distribués sur internet, pour un montant de plus de 51 millions de dollars.]Saisie record dans le monde de médicaments contrefaits Interpol a annoncé lundi une saisie record de 25 millions de médicaments contrefaits et interdits dans le monde, et distribués sur internet, pour un montant de plus de 51 millions de dollars. Parmi les médicaments saisis, figurent notamment des compléments alimentaires, des pilules anti-douleur, des traitements contre l'épilepsie, le... mais »

Vagus nerve stimulation

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 4 dias

Breakthrough Nerve Implant Rouses Man From 15-Year Coma It’s hard to believe his eyes. A French man stuck in a vegetative state since a 2001 accident began to show signs of life after doctors installed an experimental implant to stimulate his vagus nerve. Six months later, the 35-year-old is classified as “minimally conscious” and can follow movements with his eyes. He reportedly even cried in response to music. Researchers hope this high-profile case could help secure funding for clinical trials — and potentially change the lives of the millions who sustain traumatic brain injuries... mais »

Glicemia: sensores

Aloyzio AchuttiemAMICOR - Há 5 dias

De |Reginaldo H. Albuquerque (Brasília): escrevi um artigo para o site da SBD. Publicado no site em fins de junho alcançou mais de 13.3 mil visualizações. O link é: https://goo.gl/Lfe8Ak Este sensor, lançado na Europa em 2014, somente agora foi liberado para uso nos Estado Unidos. No recente congresso de diabetes em Lisboa recebeu os seguintes comentários : Reginaldo Albuquerque shared a link. 21 hrs Na semana passada ocorreu em Lisboa o congresso europeu de diabetes. No link abaixo tem um excelente vídeo com 10 minutos de duração sobre os sensores. O libre foi recentemente lança... mais »

Beer, Hordenine, Dopamine D2, Reward center

Beer Can Lift Your Spirits: Hordenine Activates Brain’s Reward Center by Neuroscience News

Hordenine, a substance present in beer and malted barley, activates dopamine D2 receptors through G proteins, leading to a possibly prolonged effect on the brain's reward center, researchers report.

Read more of this post

Neuroscience News | September 30, 2017 at 9:23 am | Tags: beer, D2 receptor, food, G proteins, hedonic hunger, hordenine | URL: http://wp.me/p4sXNK-bpa

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Hippocampus

New Functions of the Hippocampus Unveiled

NEUROSCIENCE NEWSSEPTEMBER 29, 2017

FEATUREDNEUROSCIENCEOPEN NEUROSCIENCE ARTICLES8 MIN READ

Summary: A new PNAS study reveals the hippocampus can promote brain wide functional connectivity in the cerebral cortex, and enhance sensory response. Researchers say the hippocampus should be considered to the the ‘heart of the brain’.

Source: University of Hong Kong.

A research team led by Lam Woo Professor of Biomedical Engineering Ed X. Wu of the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the University of Hong Kong has made major breakthrough in unveiling the mysteries of the brain to reveal functions of an important region, hippocampus, not known to scientists before.

The findings have recently been published in the prestigious international academic journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in August 2017.

The hippocampus, located underneath the cortex, plays important roles in memory and navigation. Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia have been proven to have affected and damaged this area of the brain, resulting in early symptoms including short-term memory loss and disorientation. People with hippocampal damage may lose the ability to form and retain new memories. It is also closely related to other diseases such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, transient global amnesia and posttraumatic stress disorder.

However, the role of hippocampus in complex brain networks, particularly its influence on brain-wide functional connectivity, is not well understood by scientists. Functional connectivity refers to the functional integration between spatially separated brain regions.

Rodent experiments conducted by Dr Russell W. Chan, Dr Alex T. L. Leong and others, led by Professor Wu, revealed that low-frequency activities in the hippocampus can drive brain-wide functional connectivity in the cerebral cortex and enhance sensory responses. The cerebral cortex is the largest region of the mammalian brain and plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. In other words, low-frequency activities of the hippocampus can drive the functional integration between different regions of the cerebral cortex and enhance the responsiveness of vision, hearing and touch. These results indicated that hippocampus can be considered as the heart of the brain, a breakthrough in our knowledge of how the brain works.

Furthermore, these results also suggest that low-frequency activities in the hippocampus can enhance learning and memory since low-frequency activities usually occur during slow-wave sleep which has been associated with learning and memory. Slow-wave sleep, often referred as deep sleep, is a state that we usually enter several times each night and is necessary for survival. Alzheimer’s disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time, and the most common early symptom is memory loss. These results may also have potential therapeutic implications of hippocampal neuromodulation in Alzheimer’s disease.

These current findings are a major step in furthering our fundamental understanding of the origins and roles of brain-wide functional connectivity. These findings also signify the potentials of rsfMRI and neuromodulation for early diagnosis and enhanced treatment of brain diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, epilepsy, schizophrenia, transient global amnesia, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Professor Wu’s team is one of the world’s leading teams in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research, particularly in the investigation of auditory and visual functions, and brain structural and functional connectivity. The pioneering technologies they employ include the use of optogenetics activation, pharmacological inactivation and fMRI to serve as an important tool for investigating the dynamics underlying brain activity propagation as well as the origins and roles of brain functional connectivity.

Their earlier revelation that the thalamus, another region connecting to the cortex, is not just a relay or passive brain region as initially thought, but can initiate brain-wide neural interactions at different frequencies, had been published in the December 2016 edition of PNAS.

The hippocampus, located underneath the cortex, plays important roles in memory and navigation. NeuroscienceNews.com image is credited to the researchers.

The human brain is the source of our thoughts, emotions, perceptions, actions, and memories. How the brain actually works, however, remains largely unknown. One grand challenge for neuroscience in the 21st century is to achieve an integrated understanding of the large-scale brain-wide interactions, particularly the patterns of neural activities that give rise to functions and behaviour. In 2010, the National Institute of Health (NIH) in the US launched the Human Connectome Project which aims to “provide an unparalleled compilation of neural data, an interface to graphically navigate this data and the opportunity to achieve never before realised conclusions about the living human brain”. In 2013, the Obama administration in the US launched the BRAIN Initiative to “accelerate the development and application of new technologies that will enable researchers to produce dynamic pictures of the brain that show how individual brain cells and complex neural circuits interact at the speed of thought.” In November 2016, China launched its own initiative “China Brain Project”, which aims to advance basic research on the neural circuit mechanisms underlying cognition in hopes to improve brain disease diagnosis/intervention and inspire development of brain-machine intelligence technology.

Major research findings

Based on current knowledge, one expects the hippocampus to predominantly generate high-frequency activities and these activities are largely confined within the hippocampus. However, in this study, low-frequency optogenetic excitation of the dorsal dentate gyrus, a subregion of the hippocampus, evoked cortical and subcortical activities which are beyond the hippocampus. Furthermore, this low-frequency stimulation enhanced brain-wide functional connectivity in the bilateral hippocampus, visual cortex, auditory cortex and somatosensory cortex. Meanwhile, pharmacological inactivation of the hippocampus decreased brain-wide functional connectivity. In addition, visually evoked responses in visual regions also increased during and after such low-frequency hippocampal stimulation. Together, these experimental results highlight the role of low-frequency activity propagating along the hippocampal-cortical pathway, particularly its contribution to brain-wide functional connectivity and enhancement of sensory functions.

The human brain only accounts for 2% of the total body weight, yet it consumes about 20% of the total body’s energy demand. Despite its importance, it is one of the least understood organs of the body. The research team’s findings have advanced our fundamental understanding of the origins and roles of brain-wide functional connectivity.

Optogenetic and pharmacological functional magnetic resonance imaging

The emerging integrated technique adopted by Professor Wu’s team consists of optogenetics, pharmacological neuromodulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Optogenetics is a neuromodulation method that uses a combination of techniques from optics and genetics to control the activities of individual neurons in living tissues. Pharmacological neuromodulation uses drugs to manipulate the activities of neurons. fMRI is a large-view non-invasive imaging technique for detecting brain-wide activations. Researchers can make use of fMRI to visualize whole brain activity in response to different optogenetic stimulation and pharmacological manipulations. The synergistic combination of the three technologies has enormous potential to spark a new age of interdisciplinary research to advance our understanding of the brain.

ABOUT THIS NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH ARTICLE

Source: Melanie Wan – University of Hong Kong
Image Source: NeuroscienceNews.com image is credited to the researchers.
Original Research: Full open access research for “Low-frequency hippocampal–cortical activity drives brain-wide resting-state functional MRI connectivity” by Russell W. Chan, Alex T. L. Leong, Leon C. Ho, Patrick P. Gao, Eddie C. Wong, Celia M. Dong, Xunda Wang, Jufang He, Ying-Shing Chan, Lee Wei Lim, and Ed X. Wu in Brain. Published online July 31 2017 doi:10.1073/pnas.1703309114

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Abstract

Low-frequency hippocampal–cortical activity drives brain-wide resting-state functional MRI connectivity

The hippocampus, including the dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG), and cortex engage in bidirectional communication. We propose that low-frequency activity in hippocampal–cortical pathways contributes to brain-wide resting-state connectivity to integrate sensory information. Using optogenetic stimulation and brain-wide fMRI and resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI), we determined the large-scale effects of spatiotemporal-specific downstream propagation of hippocampal activity. Low-frequency (1 Hz), but not high-frequency (40 Hz), stimulation of dDG excitatory neurons evoked robust cortical and subcortical brain-wide fMRI responses. More importantly, it enhanced interhemispheric rsfMRI connectivity in various cortices and hippocampus. Subsequent local field potential recordings revealed an increase in slow oscillations in dorsal hippocampus and visual cortex, interhemispheric visual cortical connectivity, and hippocampal–cortical connectivity. Meanwhile, pharmacological inactivation of dDG neurons decreased interhemispheric rsfMRI connectivity. Functionally, visually evoked fMRI responses in visual regions also increased during and after low-frequency dDG stimulation. Together, our results indicate that low-frequency activity robustly propagates in the dorsal hippocampal–cortical pathway, drives interhemispheric cortical rsfMRI connectivity, and mediates visual processing.

“Low-frequency hippocampal–cortical activity drives brain-wide resting-state functional MRI connectivity” by Russell W. Chan, Alex T. L. Leong, Leon C. Ho, Patrick P. Gao, Eddie C. Wong, Celia M. Dong, Xunda Wang, Jufang He, Ying-Shing Chan, Lee Wei Lim, and Ed X. Wu in Brain. Published online July 31 2017 doi:10.1073/pnas.1703309114