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Monday, April 21, 2014

50 Years of Poverty




–0.1
Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (Liheap)
–0.1
Food aid for mothers and children under 5 (WIC)
–0.2
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (T.A.N.F.)
–0.8
Unemployment insurance
–0.9
Housing subsidies
–1.1
Supplemental Security Income (S.S.I.)
–1.6
Food stamps (SNAP)
–3.0
Refundable tax credits
Effect of government programs on poverty
Official rate
Alternative rate*
Predicted rate without government programs
’64
’74
’84
’94
’04
’12
30%
25
20
15
10
5
0
Impact of each program on the rate
Pov
–0.1
Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program (Liheap)
–0.1
Food aid for mothers and children under 5 (WIC)
–0.2
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (T.A.N.F.)
–0.8
Unemployment insurance
–0.9
Housing subsidies
–1.1
Supplemental Security Income (S.S.I.)
–1.6
Food stamps (SNAP)
–3.0
Refundable tax credits
Effect of government programs on poverty
Official rate
Alternative rate*
Predicted rate without government programs
’64
’74
’84
’94
’04
’12
30%
25
20
15
10
5
0
Impact of each program on the rate
Poverty rate
Social Security
–8.5% pts.
14.5
0-4 years old
11.7%
1.9
Asian
40-44
85+
176.2
9.7%
18.9
White
39.5
25.6%
13.6
Hispanic
29.2
27.2%
10.9
Black
Poverty rate
Poverty status in 2012, by age and race
Millions not in poverty
Millions in poverty
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
2 million
0

*Based on the Census Bureau’s Supplemental Poverty Measure (which includes the effects of government transfers and taxes), using a threshold anchored to 2012 and adjusted for inflation.
Note: Race categories are described by the U.S. Census Bureau as Asian alone, black alone, Hispanic of any race and white alone. Not all Americans are shown.

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