Immunologist and leader in science. Born in Lisbon, Portugal, on Oct 17, 1939, she died there of COVID-19 on April 14, 2020, aged 80 years.
Although devoted to the study of immunology throughout her career, it was not until the mid-1980s that Maria de Sousa, Emeritus Professor of the University of Porto in Portugal, began to make a wider impact on biomedical science in her home country. In 1984, she returned to Portugal after 20 years abroad, a period during which she had established an international reputation for her work on lymphocytes. After her return, de Sousa set about laying the foundations for improving systematic training programmes for higher level biomedical science. At that time in Portugal, “there was, for example, no arrangement for externally evaluating postgraduate research grants and projects”, explains Rui Costa, Professor of Neuroscience and Neurology at New York's Columbia University, and Director and Chief Executive Officer of Columbia's Zuckerman Institute. de Sousa succeeded in developing a new training system. “In science she became something of a national hero”, says Costa./.../
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